PBS 08/2, 125 (P262117)

Legal tablet & envelope excavated in Nippur (mod. Nuffar), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Cite

Photo

Photo (envelope)

Museum Collection(s)

Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Museum Number

CBS 07067

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Nippur (mod. Nuffar)

Artifact Type

Tablet & envelope

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal (Lawsuit Suit for debt and payment; seal impressions on tablet and case; (Obv)11x(Rev)15x(UE)2 lines)

Language(s)

Measurements

Has seal impression(s)

Text

tablet
obverse
1. asz-szum _ku3-babbar_
ts: aššum kaspim
en: Concerning the silver
2. sza {d}suen-i-qi2-sza-am
ts: ša sîn-iqīšam
en: that Sîn-iqīšam
3. a-na nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta
ts: ana nūr-kabta
en: to Nūr-kabta
4. u3 na-bi-{d}utu _szesz-a-ni_
ts: u nabi-šamaš aḫīšu
en: and Nabi-šamaš his brother
5. i-di-i-nu
ts: i(d)dinu
en: gave,
6. {disz}{d}suen-i-qi2-sza-am
ts: sîn-iqīšam
en: Sîn-iqīšam
7. i-na _kar_ nibru{ki}
ts: ina kār nippur
en: at the port of Nippur
8. {disz}nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta
ts: nūr-kabta
en: Nūr-kabta
9. u3 na-bi-{d}utu _szesz-a-ni_
ts: u nabi-šamaš aḫīšu
en: and Nabi-šamaš his brother
10. i-mu-ur-ma
ts: īmurma
en: has met and
11. ma-li e-li-szu-[nu] i-szu-u2
ts: mali elīšunu īšu
en: whatever they owed to him,
reverse
1. _sza3-ga-ni bi-ib2-du10-ge-esz_
ts: libbašu uṭibbū
en: they have satisfied his heart (= repaid him).
2. _u4 kur2-sze3 lu2-ra inim nu-ga2-ga2-a_
ts: ana warkiat ūmī ana awīlim ul iraggum
en: (That) in future against the other shall not make a complain,
3. _mu lugal-bi in-pa3_
ts: nīš šarrim itma
en: he has sworn by the name of the king.
4. _igi_ ip-qu2-esz18-dar! _dumu_ ta-ri-bu-um
ts: maḫar ipqu-ištar mār tarībum
en: Before Ipqu-ištar, son of Tarībum;
5. _igi_ u2-ba-a-a-tum _dumu_ sza-ma-a-a
ts: maḫar ubātum mār šamāya
en: before Ubātum, son of Šamāya;
6. _igi_ im-gur-{d}utu _dumu_ {d}en-lil2-ma-an-szum2
ts: maḫar imgur-šamaš mār enlil-manšum
en: before Imgur-šamaš, son of Enlil-manšum;
7. _igi_ lu2-mu-ur-i3-li2 _dumu_ {d}suen-ga-mil
ts: maḫar lūmur-ilī mār sîn-gāmil
en: before Lūmur-ilī, son of Sîn-gāmil;
8. _igi_ {d}utu-ni-szu _dumu_ ta-ri-bu-um
ts: maḫar šamaš-nīšu mār tarībum
en: before Šamaš-nīšu, son of Tarībum;
9. _igi_ s,i-li2-{d}utu _dumu_ a-bu-um-wa-qar#
ts: maḫar ṣi(l)li-šamaš mār abum-waqar
en: before Ṣilli-šamaš, son of Abum-waqar;
10. _igi_ sze-rum{um}-dingir _dumu_ {d}utu-szi-{d}en-lil2-la2
ts: maḫar šērum-ilī mār šamši-enlila
en: before Šērum-ilī, son of Šamši-enlila;
11. _igi_ sa3-ap-hu-um-li-ip-hu-ur
ts: maḫar sapḫum-lipḫur
en: before Sapḫum-lipḫur;
12. _igi_ {d}nanna-ma-an-szum2 _aga-us2_
ts: maḫar nanna-manšum rēdûm
en: before Nanna-manšum, soldier;
13. _igi_ ur-da-tum _dumu_ i-din-{d}i-szum
ts: maḫar urdatum mār i(d)din-išum
en: before Urdatum, son of Iddin-išum.
14. _iti gan-gan-e3_
ts: waraḫ kislīmum
en: The month of Kislīmum (of)
15. _mu_ ha-am-mu-ra-pi2 _lugal-e geszkim-ti! an {d}en-<lil2>-bi-ta_
ts: šanat ḫammurapi šarrum ina tukulti anim u enlil
en: the year (in which) Ḫammurapi, the king, with the help of Anu and Enlil (conquered Isin, the land of Emutbal and its king Rim-sin).
envelope
obverse
1. asz-szum _ku3-babbar_
ts: aššum kaspim
en: Concerning the silver
2. sza {d}suen-i-qi2-sza-am
ts: ša sîn-iqīšam
en: that Sîn-iqīšam
3. a-na nu-ur2-kab-ta
ts: ana nūr-kabta
en: to Nūr-kabta
4. u3 na-bi-{d}utu _in-na-an-szum2_
ts: u nabi-šamaš iddinu
en: and Nabi-šamaš gave,
5. {disz}{d}suen-i-qi2-sza-am
ts: sîn-iqīšam
en: Sîn-iqīšam
6. i-na _kar_ nibru{ki}
ts: ina kār nippur
en: at the port of Nippur
7. i-mu-ur-szu-nu-ti-ma
ts: īmuršunūtima
en: has met them and
8. {disz}na-bi-{d}utu
ts: nabi-šamaš
en: Nabi-šamaš
9. u3 nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta
ts: u nūr-kabta
en: and Nūr-kabta
10. ik-szu-su2-nu-ti-ma
ts: ikšu(s)sunūtima
en: approached with a claim and (with)
11. _ku3-babbar_ ma-li e-li-szu-nu
ts: kaspam mali elīšunu
en: as much silver as
12. i-szu-u2
ts: īšu
en: they owed,
13. _sza3-ga-ni bi2-ib2-du10-ge-esz_
ts: libbašu uṭibbū
en: they have satisfied his heart.
reverse
1. _u4 kur2-sze3 lu2-ra inim nu-ga2-ga2_
ts: ana warkiat ūmī ana awīlim ul iraggum
en: (That) in future against the other shall not make a complain,
2. _mu lugal-bi in-pa3_
ts: nīš šarrim itma
en: he has sworn by the name of the king.
blank space
3. _igi_ sa3-ap-hu-um-li-ip-hu-ur
ts: maḫar sapḫum-lipḫur
en: Before Sapḫum-lipḫur;
4. _igi_ ip-qu2-{d}inanna _dumu_ ta-ri-bi-im
ts: maḫar ipqu-inanna mār tarībim
en: before Ipqu-inanna, son of Tarībim;
5. _igi_ u2-ba-a-a-tum _dumu_ sza-ma#-a-a
ts: maḫar ubātum mār šamāya
en: before Ubātum, son of Šamāya;
6. _igi_ {d}utu-ni-szu _dumu_ ta-ri-bi-im
ts: maḫar šamaš-nīšu mār tarībim
en: before Šamaš-nīšu, son of Tarībim;
7. _igi_ lu2-mu-ur-i3-li2 _dumu_ {d}suen-ga-mil
ts: maḫar lūmur-ilī mār sîn-gāmil
en: before Lūmur-ilī, son of Sîn-gāmil;
8. _igi_ im-gur-{d}utu _dumu_ {d}en-lil2-ma-an-szum2!
ts: maḫar imgur-šamaš mār enlil-manšum
en: before Imgur-šamaš, son of Enlil-manšum;
9. _igi_ s,i-li2-{d}utu _dumu_ a-bu-um-wa-qar
ts: maḫar ṣi(l)li-šamaš mār abum-waqar
en: before Ṣilli-šamaš, son of Abum-waqar;
10. _igi_ sze-ru-um-i3-li2 _dumu_ {d}utu-szi-{d}en-lil2-la2
ts: maḫar šērum-ilī mār šamši-enlila
en: before Šērum-ilī, son of Šamši-enlila;
11. _igi_ {d}nanna-ma-an-szum2 _aga#-us2_
ts: maḫar nanna-manšum rēudm
en: before Nanna-manšum, soldier;
12. _igi_ in-bi-{d}esz18-dar _dub-sar_
ts: maḫar inbi-ištar ṭupšarrum
en: before Inbi-ištar, the scribe;
13. _igi_ i3-li2-ip-pa-asz-ra-am
ts: maḫar ilī-ippašram
en: before Ilī-ippašram;
14. _igi_ ur-da-tum
ts: maḫar urdatum
en: before Urdatum.
15. _iti gan-gan-e3_
ts: waraḫ kislīmum
en: The month of Kislīmum,
16. _mu_ ha-am-mu-ra-pi2# _lugal-e geszkim an {d}en-lil2-bi-ta_
ts: šanat ḫammurapi šarrum ina tukulti anim u enlil
en: the year (in which) Ḫammurapi, the king, with the help of Anu and Enlil.
seal 1
1. s,i-li2-{d}utu
2. dumu a-bu-wa-qar
seal 2
1. {d}utu-{d}en-lil2-la2
2. dumu {d}nanna-me-sza4
3. ARAD {d}utu

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Text content

Genre(s)	Legal (Lawsuit Suit for debt and payment; seal impressions on tablet and case; (Obv)11x(Rev)15x(UE)2 lines)
Language(s)

Chronology

Period	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Dates Referenced	Hammurapi.31.09.00 Ha 37/-/-
Accounting Period

Seals

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal	Seal Number	Provenience	Period	Date
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185)	S999999	-	-

Record

CDLI number	P262117
LOD URI	https://cdli.network/entity/P262117

Physical information

Artifact type	Tablet & envelope
Dimensions
Weight
Material(s)	Clay
Preservation

Provenance

Provenience	Nippur (mod. Nuffar)
Written In
Archive
Excavation Number
Findspot
Stratigraphic Level
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s)	Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Museum Number	CBS 07067
Accession Number

External resources

External Resource	Identifiers
Penn Museum (Penn)	589427 + 589428
Electronic Babylonian Library (eBL)	CBS.7067

References

primary: PBS 8/2, 125

[Chiera1922PBS8/2] Chiera, Edward. 1922. Old Babylonian Contracts. Publications of the Babylonian Section 8/2. Philadelphia: University Museum.

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status
2025-03-30 at 13:28:38	Senior, Andrew	Transliteration	Senior, Andrew		Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Approved
2024-11-13 at 07:35:03	Smidt, Gustav Ryberg	Transliteration	Smidt, Gustav Ryberg		Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Approved
2023-01-19 at 10:20:17	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Artifact metadata	Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Electronic Babylonian Library	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Approved
2021-02-12 at 07:19:56	Lafont, Bertrand	Transliteration	Guidi, Carlo		CDLI	Approved
2020-06-28 at 07:19:24	Jagersma, Bram	Transliteration	Jagersma, Bram		CDLI	Approved
2005-04-25 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact metadata	Englund, Robert K.; Fitzgerald, Madeleine; Foxvog, Daniel A.; Frayne, Douglas R.; Peterson, Jeremiah; Veldhuis, Niek; Zimmermann, Lynn-Salammbô	Penn Museum	CDLI	Approved

Cite this Artifact

“PBS 08/2, 125 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P262117.

PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry (No. P262117). (2023, February 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P262117 (Original work published 2005)

PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P262117 (Accessed: May 17, 2026).

@misc{2023PBS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-17]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {feb 1},
	title = {PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P262117},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P262117},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/2/1/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P262117
LB  - CDLI:P262117
M1  - 2026/5/17/
TI  - PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P262117
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“PBS 08/2, 125 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P262117.

PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry (No. P262117). (2023, February 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P262117 (Original work published 2005)

PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P262117 (Accessed: May 17, 2026).

@misc{2023PBS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-17]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {feb 1},
	title = {PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P262117},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P262117},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/2/1/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P262117
LB  - CDLI:P262117
M1  - 2026/5/17/
TI  - PBS 08/2, 125 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P262117
ER  -