Edinburgh 35 (P453243)

Legal tablet excavated in Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir), dated to the Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC) period and now kept in National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Metadata / catalogue

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Text / annotations

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Related publications

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Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

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Metadata history Transliteration history

Museum Collection(s)

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Number

NMS A.1911.203.07

Period

Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)

Provenience

Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Sumerian

Measurements

63.0 mm × 40.0 mm × 19.0 mm

Has seal impression(s)

tablet
obverse
1. 1(u) 2(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar
2. su-la2
3. ki szum-szu-nu-wa-tar-ta
4. {disz}be-le-su2!-nu
5. dumu-munus i-za-kum
6. szu ba-an-ti u4 buru14-sze3 i3-la2-e
7. 1(esze3) GAN2 a-sza3# a-gar3 il2-la2
8. da a-sza3 hu-za-lum
9. sag i7 lugal-bi
10. nam-apin-la2-sze3
11. igi-3(disz)-gal2-am3
reverse
1. ki be-le-su2-nu#
2. {disz}szum-szu-nu-wa-tar
3. szu ba-an-ti
4. szu-du8-a-ni be-le-su2-nu
5. a-sza3 szu ba-an-ti
6. igi hu-za-lum dumu ba-gi4-ia
7. igi ha-li-lum dumu ba#-zi#-nu-um
8. igi# x-x-[...]-x-am
9. dumu x-x-a-a-[...]
10. igi na-bi-{d}suen
11. dumu gu-ul-ZA-tum
12. igi ha-ab-di-ia
13. dumu iz-kur-rum
14. igi ia-ap-ha-ru-um
15. dumu ZI-GA-IR
16. iti NE-NE-gar
17. mu ka#-zal#-lu#{ki#} ba-an-dab
seal 1
1. be-le-su2-nu
2. dumu-munus i-za-kum#

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Consult word list of Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)

  • Artifact type: Tablet
  • Material: Clay
  • Measurements (mm): 63.0 high × 40.0 wide × 19.0 thick
  • Weight:
  • Artifact Preservation: complete
  • Condition Description:
  • Join Information:
  • Seal no.:
  • Seal information:
  • Artifact comments:

  • primary: Edinburgh, 35

    [Dalley1979Edinburgh] Dalley, Stephanie. 1979. A Catalogue of the Akkadian Cuneiform Tablets in the Collections of the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, with Copies of the Texts. Art & Archaeology 2. Edinburgh: The Royal Scottish Museum.

  • history: Hammurabi's Gesetz 6, no. 1465

    [Koschaker1923HG6] Koschaker, Paul, and Arthur Ungnad. 1923. Hammurabi’s Gesetz. Band VI: Übersetzte Urkunden Mit Rechtserläuterungen. Leipzig: Eduard Pfeiffer.

  • history: PSBA 33, 240 no. 29

    [Langdon1911PSBA33] Langdon, Stephen H. 1911. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology 33.

  • Composite No.:
  • Museum No.: NMS A.1911.203.07
  • Accession No.:

  • Provenience: Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)
  • Elevation:
  • Stratigraphic Level:
  • Excavation No:
  • Findspot Square:
  • Findspot Comments:

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2024-06-01 at 19:04:15 Firth, Richard Artifact, Other Entity Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2022-08-12 at 16:09:31 Jagersma, Bram Atf Jagersma, Bram CDLI approved View
2013-06-27 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact Reid, Nicholas; Wagensonner, Klaus CDLI approved View

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

    There is no external resource for this artifact yet.

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal Provenience Period Date
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -

General Notes: -
CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 35 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453243.
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (No. P453243). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Original work published 2013)
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Accessed: January 18, 2026).
@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-18]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 35 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453243
LB  - CDLI:P453243
M1  - 2026/1/18/
TI  - Edinburgh 35 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453243
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 35 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453243.
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (No. P453243). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Original work published 2013)
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Accessed: January 18, 2026).
@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-18]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 35 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453243
LB  - CDLI:P453243
M1  - 2026/1/18/
TI  - Edinburgh 35 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453243
ER  -
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