Edinburgh 35 (P453243)

Legal tablet excavated in Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir), dated to the Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC) period and now kept in National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Collection(s)

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Number

NMS A.1911.203.07

Period

Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)

Provenience

Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Sumerian

Measurements

63.0 mm × 40.0 mm × 19.0 mm

Has seal impression(s)

Text

tablet
obverse
1. 1(u) 2(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar
2. su-la2
3. ki szum-szu-nu-wa-tar-ta
4. {disz}be-le-su2!-nu
5. dumu-munus i-za-kum
6. szu ba-an-ti u4 buru14-sze3 i3-la2-e
7. 1(esze3) GAN2 a-sza3# a-gar3 il2-la2
8. da a-sza3 hu-za-lum
9. sag i7 lugal-bi
10. nam-apin-la2-sze3
11. igi-3(disz)-gal2-am3
reverse
1. ki be-le-su2-nu#
2. {disz}szum-szu-nu-wa-tar
3. szu ba-an-ti
4. szu-du8-a-ni be-le-su2-nu
5. a-sza3 szu ba-an-ti
6. igi hu-za-lum dumu ba-gi4-ia
7. igi ha-li-lum dumu ba#-zi#-nu-um
8. igi# x-x-[...]-x-am
9. dumu x-x-a-a-[...]
10. igi na-bi-{d}suen
11. dumu gu-ul-ZA-tum
12. igi ha-ab-di-ia
13. dumu iz-kur-rum
14. igi ia-ap-ha-ru-um
15. dumu ZI-GA-IR
16. iti NE-NE-gar
17. mu ka#-zal#-lu#{ki#} ba-an-dab
seal 1
1. be-le-su2-nu
2. dumu-munus i-za-kum#

Text content

Genre(s) Legal
Language(s) Sumerian

Chronology

Period Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Accounting Period

Seals

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal Seal Number Provenience Period Date
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) S999999 - -

Record

LOD URI https://cdli.network/entity/P453243

Physical information

Artifact type Tablet
Dimensions 63.0 mm × 40.0 mm × 19.0 mm
Weight
Material(s) Clay
Preservation complete (Surface: Good)

Provenance

Provenience Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)
Written In
Archive
Excavation Number
Findspot
Stratigraphic Level
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s) National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Museum Number NMS A.1911.203.07
Accession Number

References

  • primary: Edinburgh, 35

    [Dalley1979Edinburgh] Dalley, Stephanie. 1979. A Catalogue of the Akkadian Cuneiform Tablets in the Collections of the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, with Copies of the Texts. Art & Archaeology 2. Edinburgh: The Royal Scottish Museum.

  • history: Hammurabi's Gesetz 6, no. 1465

    [Koschaker1923HG6] Koschaker, Paul, and Arthur Ungnad. 1923. Hammurabi’s Gesetz. Band VI: Übersetzte Urkunden Mit Rechtserläuterungen. Leipzig: Eduard Pfeiffer.

  • history: PSBA 33, 240 no. 29

    [Langdon1911PSBA33] Langdon, Stephen H. 1911. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology 33.

Revisions and credits

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2024-06-01 at 19:04:15 Firth, Richard Artifact metadata, Other metadata Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2022-08-12 at 16:09:31 Jagersma, Bram Transliteration Jagersma, Bram CDLI Approved View
2013-06-27 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact metadata Reid, Nicholas; Wagensonner, Klaus CDLI Approved View

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 35 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453243.
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (No. P453243). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Original work published 2013)
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Accessed: May 2, 2026).
@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-02]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 35 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453243
LB  - CDLI:P453243
M1  - 2026/5/2/
TI  - Edinburgh 35 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453243
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 35 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453243.
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (No. P453243). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Original work published 2013)
Edinburgh 35 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453243 (Accessed: May 2, 2026).
@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-02]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 35 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453243},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453243
LB  - CDLI:P453243
M1  - 2026/5/2/
TI  - Edinburgh 35 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453243
ER  -
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