CDLI Literary 000343, ex. 034 (P346095)

Literary tablet excavated in Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in British Museum, London, UK

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Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

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Museum Collection(s)

British Museum, London, UK

Museum Number

BM —

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Literary (ETCSL 1.04.01 Inanna's Descent (witness))

Language(s)

Sumerian

Measurements

-

Has fragments Witness

tablet
obverse
  beginning broken
1.a'. [...]
1.b'. [...] gada nu-x-[...]
 en: Linen does not spread over her holy knees
2'. [...] {dug}szagan nu-um-[...]
 en: Her chest does not protrude like a flask
3.a'. umbin#?-si-ni {uruda#}lub#-bi-gin7 am-da-gal2
 en: Her fingernails are lodged (in her flesh?) like lubi axes,
3.b'. siki#?-ni ga-rasz{sar#}-[gin7 ...]-ur4#?-re
 en: her hair is plucked like leeks upon her head
4.a'. u4-a sza3-gu10 bi2-in#-du11#-<<x>>-ga-am3
 en: When she cries “alas, my heart,”
4.b'. kusz2#-u3-me-en nin#?-me# x x x [...]-ga#?-ne#?-[...]
 en: say “you are exhausted, our lady, (from saying) “alas, my heart"(!?)
5.a'. u4-a bar-gu10 bi2-in-du11-ga-am3
 en: When she cries “alas, my liver,”
5.b'. [kusz2]-u3#-me-en a# x-[...]-ga#?-ne-[...]
 en: say “you are exhausted, (from saying) “alas, my liver"(!?)
6.a'. a-ba-am3 za-e-me-en-ze2-en
 en: (She will say) Who are you?
6.b'. sza3-gu10# sza3#-gu10#-sze3!? bar-gu10 bar-gu10-sze3!? du11#?-ga-na#?-ab?-ze2-[...]
 en: Speak, to my heart, my heart(!?), to my liver, my liver(?)
7.a'. dingir he2-me-en-ze2-en inim ga-mu-ra-an-du11
 en: If you are gods, I will speak a word to you,
7.b'. lu2-lu7 he2-me-en-ze2-en nam-zu? bi2-ib2#-x-x
 en: if you are humans, I will(?) determine your fate (of death)
8.a'. zi an-na zi ki#-[...] pa3-de3-de3-ze2-na-za-na
 en: Invoke the life of heaven and earth (in an oath)
8.b'. [...]
 en: ...
9.a'. a i7-bi ma-ra-ba#-NE#? szu#!? nu#!?-um#?-gid2-de3
 en: The river water will be offered to you but not accepted,
9.b'. a-sza3 sze-ba ma-ra-ba szu nu-um-gid2-de3#!?
 en: the barley of the field will be offered to you but not accepted
10'. uzu nig2 sag3-ga {gesz}gag#-ta# la2 szum2-ma-ab-ze2-en du11-ga-ma-ab-de6-ze2-en
 en: Say “Give the beaten meat that hangs from the peg”
11'. uzu nig2 sag3-ga ga-sza-an-ne-ne
 en: The beaten meat (was) their lady
12'. nig2 lugal <<me-en>> he2-a nig2 nin-bi he2-a szum2-ma-ze2-en du11-ga-ma-ab-de6-ze2-en
 en: Say “that, whether it is the king or the queen"(!?) give it to us”
13'. uzu nig2 sag3-ga {gesz}gag-ta# la2-a im-ma-da-ab-szum2-mu-ze2-en
 en: You will give the beaten meat hanging from the peg
14.a'. 1(disz)-am3 u2# nam-ti-la 1(disz)-am3 a nam#-ti#-la#? ugu#!-ni# ba#?-an-szub-bu-esz
 en: They(!?) will have cast upon her, it was one (with the) food of life, it was one (with the) water of life,
14.b'. {d}inanna ba-gub
 en: and Inanna will stand (alive again)
15'. {d}eresz-ki-gal gala# kur-gar-ra# [...]-ke4
 en: Ereškigala ... the lamentation singer and the kurgara priest
16'. tum2#?-mu-un-en-ze2-en ga-sza-an-ne-ne#? [...] ba NE NE x KU?
 en: "Bring their lady ...”
17'. {d}inanna inim {d}en-ki-[...] kur#-ta e11!
 en: Inanna, brought from the netherworld by the orders of Enki
18'. {d}inanna kur-ta e11-da-bi#? {d}a-nun-na-ke4-ne#? [...]-x-ha?-za-an
 en: When Inanna ascended from the netherworld, Anuna seized her
19'. a#-ba#?-am3#? lu2#? kur-ta im-x-e11#-de3 kur-ta silim#-ma#-ni bi2-in-e11-de3
 en: (Saying) “Who is it that ascends from the netherworld, who is brought up from the netherworld intact?”
20.a'. [... {d}]inanna#? kur-ta bi2-e11-de3#
 en: If Inanna is to be brought up(?) from the netherworld,
20.b'. sag-dili sag-ga2-na ba-ab-szum2-mu-de3
 en: she is to give an able-bodied (replacement) on her own head
21.a'. [...]
 en: ...
21.b'. [...]-x sukkal? nu-me-a {gesz}tukul#? szu#?-na bi2-in-duh
 en: The one before her, although he was not a vizier, held a weapon(?)
22'. [...]-x ra#-gaba# nu#-me-a {gesz}x-ra bi2-in-duh
 en: The one behind her, although he was not a vizier, ...
23.a'. [...] x
 en: ...
23.b'. [...] gal#? {gi#}dub#-ba#-an-na za3-ga-na x x [...]
 en: The small galla demons, as a šukur enclosure, the large galla demons, (as) a dubban fence, held fast at her side
24'. [...]-szi#?-re7#-[...]
 en: They came for her
25'. lu2#? [...]
 en: They came for Inanna
26'. zi3 dub-[...]-na8#?-na8#? [...]
 en: They were not consumers of heaped flour, they were not drinkers of drawn water
27'. dumu# x [...] x x x x x [...] x lu2-ka ba-ra-si-il-le#-[...]
 en: They lifted the child from the lap of a man(?), they tore away the spouse from the lap(?) of a man
28'. x x [...] ama5?-na-ka? im-ma-ta-an-e3#?-[...]
 en: They drove out ... from her quarters(?)
29'. szum2#{sar} nig2 ses-a nu-gaz2-e-me-esz lu2 ku6 nu-gu7#-me-esz lu2 ga-rasz!{sar} nu#-gu7!(NAG)-[...]
 en: They did not crush bitter garlic, they were people who did not eat fish, they were people who did not eat(!) leeks
30'. x {d}inanna mu-un-szi-re7{+re}-[...]
 en: ... went towards Inanna(?)
31'. u4# [{d}]inanna-ke4 kur-ta e11#-da-ni-ta {d}nin!-szubur#-ra-ke4 ka2 ganzer# [...]
 en: After Inanna came up from the netherworld, Ninšubur fell at her feet before her at(?) the gate of Ganzer
32'. sahar#-ra# ba#-tusz# tug2#!? mudra6#-ra [...]-mur10#?
 en: She sat in the dirt, she wore a filthy garment
33'. galla#-e-ne#? ku3# {d}inanna-ke4 gu3 mu-na-de2#-[...] iri#?-zu-sze3#? [...]-x ga-ba-[...]
 en: The galla demons spoke to holy Inanna, “Inanna, go towards your city, we shall take him away (as a corpse)
34'. ku3# {d#}inanna-ke4#? galla-e-ne mu-na-ni-ib-gi4#?-gi4#? [...] x x-ra?-gu10
 en: Holy Inanna replied to the galla demons, “My ...
35'. sukkal#? inim sa6-sa6#-ga#-gu10# ra#-gaba e-ne-eg3# ge-en#?-[...]-gu10
 en: My flattering vizier, my rider of the verified word
36'. e#-ne#-eg3 x x x [...]-ga x x x SZE3 x x-gu10#!?
 en: My(?) ... the word
37'. er2# du6#?-du6-dam! mar-mar#!?-ra#-ni x [...]-en#-na tuku#?-ma-[...]
 en: When she initiates the lament of the ruin heaps, play the šem drum of the assembly/throne room
38'. e2#? [dingir]-re#?-e-ne nigin2-nigin2#-x-a#?-ni i#-bi2#-[ni ma]-hur#? giri17?-ni ma#-hur#
 en: When she circled the temples of the gods, she scratched her face for me, she scratched her nose(!?) for me
39'. gesztux(|GISZ.TUG2|)#-ni ki? u6#?-di# ma#-hur# ki# lu2#?-[...] hasz4#?-gal-la-ni ma-hur#?
 en: She scratched her ear, a visible place, for me, she scratched a place unseen with a man(?), her (inner) thigh, for me
40'. x-[...] e2 {d}en-lil2-la2-sze3 uri2#{ki#}-[...]-sze3!?
 en: To the Ekur(?), the temple of Enlil, to Urim and the temple of Nanna
41'. [...]-ze2#-eb{ki} e2 {d#}am#-an-ki-[ga-sze3 ...]-gub
 en: To Eridu and the temple of Enki she singularly set out
42'. [...] x ZA? AB? x-e [...]-x
 en: ...
43'. [... dam]-an#?-ki#-ga#? er2 bi2-szesz2#-szesz2 dam#?-an#?-ki-[...] x x [...]
 en: She wept before(?) Enki, and Enki(?) sustained me(?)
44'. ne ta#-gin7 nam-mu#-ra-ab-ze2-de3-en#? [...]
 en: How could I give her to you? ...
45'. umma#{ki#}-a szeg12-kur-sza3-ba-sze3 ga#-am3#-szi-re7-de3-en#?
 en: We shall go to Umma and the Ešegkuršaga temple
46'. {d}x igi#?-ni#-sze3# giri3-ni ba#-an-szub x sahar#?-ra#!? ba-tusz x x tug2 mudra6#-[...]
 en: Šara! fell at her feet before her(?), ... sat in the dirt, and wore a filthy garment
47'. galla#-e#-[ne ku3] {d#}inanna#-ke4# gu3 mu-na-de2#-e# {d}inanna iri#{ki#?}-zu#?-sze3# DU-[...]
 en: The galla demons were speaking to Inanna, “Inanna, go to your city”
48'. me-en-[de3-en ...]-ab-tum4#?-mu-de3#-x-[...]
 en: We shall bring him away (as a corpse)
49'. ku3 {d#}inanna#-ke4 galla#-[...]-na#-[...]
 en: Holy Inanna replied to the galla demons ...
50'. x al-hur?-re x [...] gu2-la2-gu10#?
 en: He is scratching(?) ..., ..., my hairdresser(!?)
51'. ne# ta-gin7 nam-[...]-x-de3-en#?
 en: How could I give him (as a corpse) to you?
52'. bad3-tibira#{ki#?}-x e2-[...]
 en: We shall go to Badtibira and the Emuškalama temple
53'. {d}lu2-lal3 igi#?-ni-sze3 ba-an#-szub#
 en: Lulal fell before(?) her
54'. {d}lu2-lal3 sahar-ra ba-an#-tusz#
 en: Lulal sat in the dirt
55'. {d}lu2-lal3 tug2 mudra6-ra# ba-an#-[mur10]
 en: Lulal wore a dirty garment
56'. galla-e-ne ku3# {d#}inanna#-ke4 gu3# mu-na-de2-e {d}inanna iri#-zu#-[...]-na#?
 en: The galla demons were speaking to Inanna, “Inanna, go to your city
57'. [me]-en#-de3-[en ...]-ab#-tum4-mu-de3#-[en]
 en: We shall bring him away (as a corpse)”
58'. ku3 {d}inanna [...]-ne# mu-na-ni-ib-gi4-[gi4]
 en: Holy Inanna replied to the galla demons
59'. {d}lu2-lal3 a2 zi-da#-gu10 [...]
 en: Lulal, fixed (at) my right side
60'. {d}lu2-lal3 a2 gab2-bu-gu10 [...]
 en: Lulal, fixed (at)(?) my left side
61'. {d}lu2-lal3 za3-e3-gu10# [...]
 en: Lulal, fixed (at)(?) my outer pillar/as my foremost one(?)
62'. ne# [...]-ab-ze2-eg3-ga2-de3-en
 en: ..., why would I give him(!) to you?
63'. {gesz#?}haszhur#? [...] larsa{ki}-ma# [...]
 en: The greatest apple tree in the plain(?) of larsa ...
64'. {gesz}haszhur? gu#-la [...] larsa#{ki}-ma# [...]-x-szi-re7-de3-[...]
 en: Let us go to the great apple tree in the plain(?) of larsa
65'. {d}dumu-zi# bara2#!? mah [...]-tusz#
 en: Dumuzi sat upon the supreme dais(!?)
66'. mah-a x-a [...]-in-gar
 en: He sat in splendor in the seat(!?)
67'. kar-kid# hasz2#!?-a-ni [...]-x-dab5
 en: A prostitute held his thigh tightly(?)
reverse
  beginning broken
1'. [...] mu-na-ra-dub-dub-bu-[...]
 en: ... poured out the seven churns(?)
2'. [...] mu-na#-tuku4-tuku4-e#-[...]
 en: ... shook the head at him
3'. [...]-mu#-[...]-tag#-tag#-[...]
 en: The shepherd(?) was not playing the reed pipe ...(?)
4'. [...] x {na4#?}x [...] za3#-ga-na [...]
 en: ... seized/assailed at his side
5'. [...]-in-bar igi usz2-am3#
 en: She looked at him, it was the look of death
6'. [...] x-da#?-tuku4-tuku4# sag#? nam-tag dugud [...]
 en: She shook her head at(?) him, it was the head(shake that accused one of) grievous sin
7'. [...] galla-e-ne mu-x-x-ib-gi4#-gi4#
 en: Holy Inanna was replying to the galla demons
8'. [...] mu#?-[...]-szi#?-re7#?-re-esz-am3#
 en: ... who is (one of the ones) who came towards him
9'. [...] szu#? nu-bar-re-ze2-en
 en: ..., you will not release him
10'. [...] x x [...]-dab5#-be2#-esz
 en: They seized ...
11'. lu2#? nin-e [... mu]-un#-szi-re7#-esz#-am3#
 en: He was the man (among those) whom the lady compelled to come towards him(!?)
12'. {d}dumu-zi [mu]-un#-szi-re7-esz
 en: They came towards Dumuzi
13'. {d}dumu-zi er2# im#-ma-an-pa3 sig7#-[sig7] i3#?-ga2-ga2#
 en: Dumuzi wept, he was emitting sobs
14'. gurusz#-e a-na#-am3# i3#?-ak# [a]-na-am3 bi2-x
 en: Thus the youth: “What has been done, what ...”
15'. [...] NUN# ku3#?-ga#? nu-x
 en: ... the holy(?) ... not ...
16'. [...] x x nu-KU?
 en: ...
17'. [...] x i3#-ug5#?-ga-de3
 en: ... who is to die(?)
18'. [...] an#?-sze3 szu ba-szi#-in-zi
 en: He raised his hands heavenwards for Utu
19'. [...]-me#-en# lu2 nu-x-me-en
 en: I am ..., I am the one who does not ...
20'. [...] i3 gur3-ru-me-en
 en: I am the one who brings butter to the temple of your mother
21'. [...]-sze3 gar9 gur3-ru#-me-en
 en: I am the one who brings cream to the temple of Ningal
22'. [...]-sze3 x gur3-[ru]-me-en
 en: I am the one who brings ... to ...
23'. unu{ki}-[...] ak#-a-me-en
 en: I am the one who makes the bridal payment on behalf of Unug
24'. nundum#? ku3#? [...] su#?-x [...]-me#-en#
 en: I am the one who kisses the holy lips(?)
25'. dub3#? [...] du11#?-[me-en]
 en: I am the one who plays among the holy knees of Inanna(?)
26'. [...]-kam#!? u3-mu-ni-in-si#
 en: After you prepare my hands (as those of) a gazelle/snake
27'. [...] u3-mu-ni-in-si#
 en: After you prepare my feet (as those of) a gazelle/snake
28'. galla#?-[...]-kar#? nam#?-mu#?-[...]-x-ha#?-[...]-en
 en: I shall escape my galla demon, they shall not seize me
29'. [...] x-[...]-ti#
 en: Utu accepted his tears
30'. [...]-si#
 en: He prepared his hands (as those of) a gazelle/snake
31'. [...]-si#
 en: He prepared his feet (as those of) a gazelle/snake
32'. [...] x x x [...] x
 en: ...
33'. [...]-e#-ne# ga#-[...] nam#-mu#-ni#-ha#!?-za-[...]-ne#
 en: I shall escape my galla demon, they shall not seize me
34'. [...] x [...]-x-esz
 en: ...
35'. [...] x
 en: ...
36'. [...]
 en: ...
37'. [...] x x bi? x [...]
 en: ...
38'. [...] x mu-u4-na-ni [...] i3#?-szesz2#?-[...]
 en: Holy Inanna wept bitterly for her spouse(?)
39'. [... {d}]dumu#?-zi-de3 [...] x x x nam# [...]
 en: ... Dumuzi ...
40'. [...] dam#?-ni [...] x-na [...]
 en: ...
41'. [...] dam#?-ni# x [...] x [...]
 en: ...
42'. [...] x-gin7 im-mi-x-[...] MI x [...]
 en: ...
43'. [...]-re {u2}numun2 i3#-ze2#?-[...]
 en: She tore out rushes, she cut rushes
44'. [...]-ne# ur2#?-zu-ne-ne [...]-x dam# [...]
 en: Spouses who lie in your (spouse's) lap(!?), where is my precious spouse?
45'. [...]-ne# ur2-zu-ne-[ne ...]
 en: Sons who lie in your (father's) lap(!?), where is my precious son(?)
46'. [...] x [...]
 en: ...
47'. [...] x [...]
 en: ...
48'. [...] x-tag-[...]
 en: ...
49'. [...] mu#-na-[...]
 en: ...
50'. [...] ta#!?-am3 x [...]
 en: ... what ...?
51'. [...] mu-na-x-[...]
 en: ...
52'. [...] x x a x [...]
 en: ...
53'. x [...]
 en: ...
54'. nim-e ku3# {d#}inanna#-ke4# [...] x [...]
 en: The fly ... holy Inanna
55'. ki-sikil {d}inanna-ke4 nim# x [...]-ni-x-tar#?-re#?
 en: Young woman Inanna was decreeing a fate for the fly(?)
56'. e2-kasz-a-ka#? zabar gesztin? nag#?-a-ke4 hu-mu-ra#?-[...]-a-ze2?-[...]
 en: In the tavern may you (pl.) make the bronze vessel of wine drinking(?) flow over for yourself(!?)
57'. du5?-mu lu2? ku3#-zu#?-ke4-ne-gin7 nam-[...]
 en: As members of(?) the “wise men” ...
58'. x [...] tar-ra {d}inanna-ke4 ur5 he2#-en#-nam# [...]
 en: Thus was the decreed fate of Inanna(?)
59'. [...]-x er2 im#-szesz2#-szesz2#
 en: ... Inanna(!?) was weeping
60'. x-gu10 im-ma-gen szu-sze3 mu-da-ab#-x-[...]
 en: My(?) ... arrived, and is ... to the hand
61'. x x me-li!?-e#!?-a [...] x x [...]
 en: ... alas(?) ...
62'. za-e mu sa9?-am3 nin9#?-zu sa9?-am3#
 en: You, (when) the year is half (completed)(?), your sister, (when) the year is half (completed)(?)
63'. u4# za-e al di-di-e u4#-bi he2-KU-[...]
 en: The days that you desire/are requested(?), those days shall be (of) captivity(!?)
64'. u4 nin9?-zu# al di-di-e u4#-bi# he2-su3#?-su3#?-[...]
 en: The days that your sister desires/is requested(?), those days shall be long(er)(?)
65'. ku3# {d}inanna-ke4 {d#}dumu#-zi sag-bi-sze3# e3#? bi2-in-szum2-mu#
 en: Holy Inanna gave Dumuzi, the precedent maker(?) (as a replacement)
66'. ku3 {d}eresz-ki#-gal-la-ke4
 en: Holy Ereškigal,
67'. za3-mi2-zu du10-ga-am3
 en: your praise is sweet
  double ruling
69'. szu-nigin2 gesz2-gesz2-ninnu-esz5
 en: Total, one hundred seventy three(!?) lines
70'. im-gid2-da 3(disz)-kam za3 til-la an gal-ta ki gal-sze3!
 en: The 3rd (in a series of) single-column extract(s), in its entirety, (text with the incipit) “from great heaven towards great earth”

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

  • Artifact type: Tablet
  • Material: Clay
  • Measurements (mm):
  • Weight:
  • Artifact Preservation:
  • This artifact is composed of fragments.
  • Condition Description:
  • Join Information:
  • Seal no.:
  • Seal information:
  • Artifact comments:

  • Genre(s): Literary (ETCSL 1.04.01 Inanna's Descent (witness))
  • Language(s): Sumerian


  • history: UET 6, 0010 + 0433

    [Gadd1963] Gadd, Cyril J., and Aaron Shaffer. 1963, 1966.

  • Composite No.:
  • Museum No.: BM —
  • Accession No.:

  • Provenience: Ur (mod. Tell Muqayyar)
  • Elevation:
  • Stratigraphic Level:
  • Excavation No: U —
  • Findspot Square:
  • Findspot Comments:

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2023-06-15 at 20:34:30 Rattenborg, Rune Artifact Rattenborg, Rune Geomapping Landscapes of Writing Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2019-06-01 at 14:34:08 Englund, Robert K. Atf Englund, Robert K. CDLI approved View
2019-05-29 at 21:01:59 Englund, Robert K. Atf Peterson, Jeremiah CDLI approved View
2017-03-03 at 10:15:08 Englund, Robert K. Atf CDLI CDLI approved View
2014-10-19 at 09:43:17 Englund, Robert K. Atf Englund, Robert K. CDLI approved View
2014-08-27 at 15:48:10 Heinle, Michael Atf Heinle, Michael CDLI approved View
2012-04-21 at 21:30:15 Englund, Robert K. Atf Englund, Robert K. CDLI approved View
2006-11-02 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact Foxvog, Daniel A.; Guerra, Dylan; Peterson, Jeremiah; Veldhuis, Niek; Wolfe, Jared N. CDLI approved View

This artifact is a witness to the following composite(s):

Composite Score
CDLI Literary 000343 (Inanna&#039;s Descent) composite (P468903) View the score

General Notes: -
CDLI Notes:

P346095 leadP346095 lead

Cite this Artifact
“CDLI Literary 000343, Ex. 034 Artifact Entry.” (2006) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 15, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P346095.
CDLI Literary 000343, ex. 034 artifact entry (No. P346095). (2023, June 15). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P346095 (Original work published 2006)
CDLI Literary 000343, ex. 034 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P346095 (Accessed: May 16, 2025).
@misc{2023CDLI,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-05-16]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {jun 15},
	title = {CDLI {Literary} 000343, ex. 034 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P346095},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P346095},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/6/15/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P346095
LB  - CDLI:P346095
M1  - 2025/5/16/
TI  - CDLI Literary 000343, ex. 034 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P346095
ER  - 
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