CT 45, 001 (P285687)

Legal tablet & envelope excavated in Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in British Museum, London, UK

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Chemical Data

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Metadata history Transliteration history
Lineart

Museum Collection(s)

British Museum, London, UK

Museum Number

BM 082049 & BM 082050

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)

Artifact Type

Tablet & envelope

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal (litigation)

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

-

Has seal impression(s)

tablet
  tablet = BDHP 31
obverse
1. a-na _{gesz}kiri6 {gesz}geszimmar_
 ts: ana kiri gišimmarim
 en: Regarding the date palm grove
2. sza i-ti a-li-kum
 ts: ša i(t)ti (ḫ)alikum
 en: that from Ḫalikum
3. _dumu_ ar-wi-um
 ts: mār arwium
 en: son of Arwûm
4. {disz}a-mu-ru-um
 ts: amu(r)rum
 en: Amurrum
5. u3 ta-ku-ma-tum
 ts: u takū(m)mātum
 en: and Takūmmātum
6. _lukur nig2_ {d}utu i-sza-mu
 ts: nadītum ša šamaš išāmū
 en: nadītu of Šamaš had bought,
7. {disz}hi-isz-sza-tum _lukur nig2_ {d}utu
 ts: ḫiššatum nadītum ša šamaš
 en: Ḫiššatum nadītu of Šamaš
8. _dumu-munus_ a-li-kum
 ts: mārat (ḫ)alikum
 en: daughter of Ḫalikum
9. ir-gu-um-ma
 ts: irgumma
 en: has sued and
10. ru-gu-mu-sza
 ts: rugu(m)mûša
 en: her claim,
11. i-na _e2_ {d}utu
 ts: ina bīt šamaš
 en: in the temple of Šamas,
12. na-as2-hu
 ts: nasḫū
 en: has been rejected.
13. u3-ul i-ta-ar-ma
 ts: ul itârma
 en: (That) again
14. {disz}a-li-kum
 ts: (ḫ)alikum
 en: Ḫalikum
15. u3 hi-isz-sza-tum _lukur nig2_ {d}utu
 ts: u ḫiššatum nadītum ša šamaš
 en: and Ḫiššatum nadītu of Šamaš
16. [a]-na# ta#-ku#-ma-[tum]
 ts: ana takū(m)mātum
 en: against Takūmmātum,
17. a-na _{gesz}kiri6 {gesz}geszimmar_
 ts: ana kiri gišimmarim
 en: regarding the date palm grove,
18. u3-ul e-ra-ga-mu
 ts: ul era(g)gamū
 en: will not claim,
19. _mu_ {d}utu
 ts: nīš šamaš
 en: (by) the name of Šamaš,
reverse
1. {d}marduk
 ts: marduk
 en: Marduk,
2. sa-mu-la-el3
 ts: samu-la-el
 en: Sumu-la-el
3. u3 bu-un-tah-un-i-la
 ts: u buntaḫun-ila
 en: and Buntaḫun-ila
4. _in-pa3-de3-esz_
 ts: itmû
 en: they have sworn.
5. _mu nig2_ bu-un-tah-un-i-la _lugal-e_
 ts: šattum ša buntaḫun-ila šarrum
 en: The year in which Buntaḫun-ila was king.
7. _igi_ nu-ur2-i3-li2-szu
 ts: maḫār nūr-ilīšu
 en: Before Nūr-ilīšu
8. _dumu_ e-ia
 ts: mār eya
 en: son of Eya;
9. _igi_ ur-{d}lugal-ban3-da
 ts: maḫar ur-lugalbanda
 en: before Ur-lugalbanda
10. _dumu_ {d}suen-mu-ba-li2-it,
 ts: mār sîn-muba(l)liṭ
 en: son of Sîn-muballiṭ;
11. _igi_ {d}suen-e-ri-ba-am
 ts: maḫār sîn-erībam
 en: before Sîn-erībam
12. _dumu_ nu-ur2-i3-li2-szu
 ts: mār nūr-ilīšu
 en: son of Nūr-ilīšu;
13. _igi_ sag-{d}nanna-i3-zu
 ts: maḫār sag-nanna-izu
 en: before Sag-nanna-izu
14. _dumu_ i-din-{d}suen
 ts: mār i(d)din-sîn
 en: son of Iddin-sîn;
15. _igi_ dingir-mu-sza-lim
 ts: maḫār ilī-muša(l)lim
 en: before Ilī-mušallim;
16. _igi_ {d}da-mu-gal-zu
 ts: maḫar damu-galzu
 en: before Damu-galzu;
17. _igi_ {d}utu-u8!-a-ni-szi
 ts: maḫar šamaš-ū’a-nišī
 en: before Šamaš-ū’a-nišī;
18. _igi_ {d}suen-ib-ni
 ts: maḫār sîn-ibni
 en: before Sîn-ibni
19. _dumu_ szu-{d}ma-mi-tum
 ts: mār šū-mamitum
 en: son of Šū-mamitum;
20. _igi_ {d}engur-a-a-bu-um
 ts: maḫār engur-abum
 en: before Engur-abum
21. _dumu_ a-li-illat-ti
 ts: mār ali-tillatī
 en: son of Ali-tillatī;
left
column 1
1. _igi_ lu2-{d}nanna
 ts: maḫār awīl-nanna
 en: before Awīl-nanna
2. _dumu_ bu-ra-li2
 ts: mār bura(l)li
 en: son of Buralli;
column 2
1. _igi_ {d}inanna-ama-mu
 ts: maḫār ištar-ummī
 en: before Ištar-ummī
2. _dumu-munus_ a-ab-ba-t,a3-bu-um _dub-sar_
 ts: mārat abum-ṭābum, ṭupšarratim
 en: daughter of Abum-ṭābum, the (female) scribe.
envelope
  = CT 45, 001
obverse
1. _dub_ a-na _{gesz}kiri6 {gesz}geszimmar_
 ts: ṭuppum ana kiri gišimmarim
 en: Tablet regarding the date palm grove
2. sza i-ti a-li-kum _dumu_ ar-wi-um
 ts: ša i(t)ti (ḫ)alikum mār arwium
 en: that from Ḫalikum son of Arwûm
3. {disz}a-mu-ru-um u3 ta-ku-ma-tum
 ts: amu(r)rum u takū(m)mātum
 en: Amurrum and Takūmmātum
4. i-sza-mu {disz}hi-isz-sza-tum _lukur nig2_ {d}utu
 ts: išāmū ḫiššatum nadītum ša šamaš
 en: had bought. Ḫiššatum nadītu of Šamaš
5. _dumu-munus_ a-li-kum ig-ru-um-ma#
 ts: mārat (ḫ)alikum irgumma
 en: daughter of Ḫalikum has sued and
6. ru-gu-mu-sza i-na _e2_ {d#}[utu] na#-as2-hu
 ts: rugu(m)mûša ina bīt šamaš nasḫū
 en: her claim has been rejected in the temple of Šamaš.
7. u3-ul i-tu-ru-ma a-[li]-kum#
 ts: ul itu(r)rūma (ḫ)alikum
 en: (That) again Ḫalikum
8. u3 hi-isz-sza-tum _dumu-munus_ a-[li-kum]
 ts: u ḫiššatum mārat (ḫ)alikum
 en: and Ḫiššatum daughter of Ḫalikum
9. a-na ta-ku-ma-tum
 ts: ana takū(m)mātum
 en: against Takūmmātum
10. u3-ul e-ra-ga-mu
 ts: ul era(g)gamū
 en: will not raise a claim,
11. _mu_ {d}utu u3 {d}marduk
 ts: nīš šamaš u marduk
 en: (by) the name of Šamaš and Marduk,
12. _mu_ sa-mu-la-el3
 ts: nīš samu-la-el
 en: (by) the name of Sumu-la-el
13. u3 bu-un-tah-un-i-la _in-pa3-de3-esz_
 ts: u buntaḫun-ila itmû
 en: and Buntaḫun-ila they have sworn.
14. _igi_ nu-ur2-i3-li2-szu _dumu_ e-ia
 ts: maḫar nūr-ilīšu mār eya
 en: Before Nūr-ilīšu son of Eya;
15. _igi_ ur-{d}lugal-ban3-da _dumu_ {d}suen-mu-ba-li2-it,
 ts: maḫār ur-lugalbanda mār sîn-muba(l)liṭ
 en: before Ur-lugalbanda son of Sîn-muballiṭ;
16. _igi_ {d}suen-e-ri-ba-am
 ts: maḫār sîn-erībam
 en: before Sîn-erībam
17. _dumu_ nu-ur2-i3-li2-szu
 ts: mār nūr-ilīšu
 en: son of Nūr-ilīšu;
18. _igi_ sag-{d}nanna-i3-zu _dumu_ i-din-{d}suen
 ts: maḫār sag-nanna-izu mār i(d)din-sîn
 en: before Sag-nanna-izu son of Iddin-sîn;
19. _igi_ dingir-mu-sza-lim _igi_ {d}da-mu-gal-zu
 ts: maḫār ilī-muša(l)lim maḫār damu-galzu
 en: before Ilī-mušallim, before Damu-galzu (and)
20. _igi_ {d}utu-u8-a-ni-szi _ra2-gaba-<me>-esz e2_ {d}x-[(x)]
 ts: maḫār šamaš-ū’a-nišī rakbī bīt ...
 en: before Šamaš-ū’a-nišī envoys of the temple of ...;
21. _igi_ {d}engur-a-a-bu-um _dumu_ a-li2-illat-[ti]
 ts: maḫār engur-abum mār ali-tillatī
 en: before Engur-abum son of Ali-tillatī;
22. _igi_ {d}suen-ib-ni _dumu_ szu-{d}ma-mi#-[tum]
 ts: maḫār sîn-ibni mār šū-mamitum
 en: before Sîn-ibni son of Šū-mamitum;
23. _igi_ {d}inanna-ama-mu
 ts: maḫār ištar-ummī
 en: before Ištar-ummī
reverse
1. _dumu-munus_ a-ab-ba-t,a3-bu-um#
 ts: mārat abum-ṭābum
 en: daughter of Abum-ṭābum;
2. _igi_ lu2-{d}nanna _dumu_ bu-[ra]-tim#?
 ts: maḫār awīl-nanna mār buratim
 en: before Awīl-nanna mār Buratum.
  blank space
3. _mu nig2_ bu-un-tah-un-i-la _lugal-e_
 ts: šattum ša buntaḫun-ila šarrum
 en: The year in which Buntaḫun-ila was king.
seal 1
  (uninscribed)
seal 2
1. sag-{d}nanna-i3-zu
 ts: sag-nanna-izu
 en: Sag-nanna-izu
2. dumu i-din-{d}suen
 ts: mār i(d)din-sîn
 en: son of Iddin-sîn
3. dam-gar3
 ts: tamkārum
 en: merchant
seal 3
  (uninscribed)
seal 4
  (unframed inscription:)
1. {d}en-ki
 ts: enki
 en: Enki
seal 5
1. be-le-su-[nu]
 ts: bele(s)sunu
 en: Belessunu
2. dumu-munus bar-bar-tum
 ts: mārat barbartum
 en: daughter of Barbartum
seal 6
1. [...]
 ts: ...
 en: ...
2. [...] NI [...]
 ts: ...
 en: ...
3. ARAD#? {d#?}nusku
 ts: warad nusku
 en: servant of Nusku
seal 7
  (uninscribed)
seal 8
1. dingir-mu-sza-lim
 ts: ilī-muša(l)lim
 en: Ilī-mušallim
2. _i3-du8_
 ts: ati
 en: doorkeeper
3. _ka2_ ga-gu-um
 ts: bāb gagîm
 en: of the cloister’s gate
  Seals: Blocher, Felix, MVS 10 (1992) pp. 30-31 tablet X

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

  • Artifact type: Tablet & envelope
  • Material: Clay
  • Measurements (mm):
  • Weight:
  • Artifact Preservation:
  • Condition Description:
  • Join Information:
  • Seal no.:
  • Seal information:
  • Artifact comments:

  • primary: CT 45, 1

    [Pinches1964CT45] Pinches, Theophilus G. 1964. Old-Babylonian Business Documents. Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum, Part 45. London: The Trustees of the British Museum.

  • history: MVS 10, no. X

    [Blocher1993MVS10] Blocher, Felix. 1993. Siegelabrollungen Auf Frühaltbabylonischen Tontafeln Im British Museum. Ein Katalog. Münchener Vorderasiatische Studien 10. München, Wien: Profil Verlag.

    (seals)

  • history: OLA 109, p. 60

    [Goddeeris2002economy] Goddeeris, Anne. 2002. Economy and Society in Northern Babylonia in the Early Old Babylonian Period (ca. 2000 - 1800 BC). Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 109. Leuven: Peeters.

  • history: JCS 16 (pp. 1-12), p. 11

    [Harris1962BiographicalNotes] Harris, Rivkah. 1962. “Biographical Notes on the Nadītu Women of Sippar.” Journal of Cuneiform Studies 16 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2307/1359426.

  • history: BDHP, 31

    [Waterman1916BDHP] Waterman, Leroy. 1916. Business Documents of the Hammurapi Period from the British Museum. London: Luzac & Co.

    tablet

  • Composite No.:
  • Museum No.: BM 082049 & BM 082050
  • Accession No.: 1891-05-09 Bu, 2184 & 1891-05-09 Bu, 2184A

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2024-04-28 at 10:00:57 Guidi, Carlo Artifact Guidi, Carlo Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2024-04-18 at 22:12:40 Guidi, Carlo Artifact Guidi, Carlo Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2024-04-18 at 15:20:06 Guidi, Carlo Artifact Guidi, Carlo Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2024-04-18 at 15:17:19 Guidi, Carlo Translation Guidi, Carlo Lafont, Bertrand approved View
2023-09-09 at 18:41:45 Rattenborg, Rune Artifact Rattenborg, Rune Geomapping Landscapes of Writing Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2023-01-21 at 07:48:15 Pagé-Perron, Émilie Artifact Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie Electronic Babylonian Library Pagé-Perron, Émilie approved View
2019-05-04 at 07:35:46 Jagersma, Bram Atf Jagersma, Bram CDLI approved View
2019-05-04 at 07:30:17 Jagersma, Bram Atf Jagersma, Bram CDLI approved View
2019-05-04 at 07:29:32 Jagersma, Bram Atf Jagersma, Bram CDLI approved View
2006-01-25 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact CDLI CDLI approved View

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal Provenience Period Date
CDLI Seals 013828 (composite) (P514409) Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
CDLI Seals 013829 (composite) (P514410) Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
CDLI Seals 013830 (composite) (P514411) Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) - -

General Notes: -
CDLI Notes: -
Cite this Artifact
“CT 45, 001 Artifact Entry.” (2006) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). May 7, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P285687.
CT 45, 001 artifact entry (No. P285687). (2024, May 7). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P285687 (Original work published 2006)
CT 45, 001 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P285687 (Accessed: May 9, 2025).
@misc{2024CT,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-05-09]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {may 7},
	title = {CT 45, 001 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P285687},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P285687},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/5/7/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P285687
LB  - CDLI:P285687
M1  - 2025/5/9/
TI  - CT 45, 001 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P285687
ER  -
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