PBS 08/2, 196 (P257802)

Legal tablet excavated in Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Chemical Data

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Metadata history Transliteration history
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Museum Collection(s)

Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Museum Number

CBS 00356

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal (hire Contract of hire of a farmworker. 10X2X10 UE2 lines)

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

-

tablet
obverse
1. {disz}gi-mil-lum _dumu_ ap-pa-li
 ts: gimillum mār appali
 en: Gimillum, son of Appalu
2. _ki_ ra-ma-ni-szu
 ts: itti ramānīšu
 en: (who acts) for (lit. from) himself,
3. {disz}i-na-e2-sag-il2-numun _dumu_ ARAD-i3-li2-szu
 ts: ina-esagil-zērum mār warad-ilīšu
 en: Ina-esagil-zērum, son of Warad-ilīšu,
4. a-na _engar_-ru-tim
 ts: ana ikkarūtim
 en: for plowing
5. a-di pa-t,a-ar e-re-szi-im
 ts: adi paṭār erēšim
 en: until the end of the seeding
6. i-gur-ma
 ts: īgurma
 en: has hired and
7. _a2 iti 1(disz)-kam-ma_
 ts: idī ištēn warḫim
 en: the wages for one month
8. _1(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar i3-la2-e_
 ts: ištēn šiqil kaspam išaqqal
 en: of 1 shekel of silver he will pay;
9. _2(disz) sila3-ta-am3 szuku_-su2
 ts: šinā qa kurumassu
 en: 2 qum (of barley) is his food ration,
10. _3(disz) sila3-ta-am3 ma-asz-ti-su2
 ts: šalāšat qa maštīssu
 en: 3 qum (of beer) is his drink ration.
11. a-na i-ni qa2-an-ni
 ts: ana īnī qannī
 en: For the eyes, the horns,
12. s,u2-up-ri u3 si-ib-ba-ti
 ts: ṣuprī u sibbatī
 en: the hooves and the tails (of the oxen)
reverse
1. iz-za-a-az
 ts: izzaz
 en: he will be responsible.
2. _gu4 hi-a_ u2-ra-aq-ma
 ts: alpī urāqma
 en: (If) he lets the oxen become idle,
3. _ku3-babbar_ i-ni-tim i-sza-qa2-la
 ts: kasap inītim iša(q)qal
 en: he will pay the silver for the hire of the oxen.
4. i-na _iti 3(disz)-kam qa2-tam i-s,a-bat
 ts: ina šalšim warḫim qātam iṣa(b)bat
 en: In the third month he will do additional work.
5. [_gu4-hi-a_] i-na-pu-usz i-na-sa3-ah
 ts: alpī ina(p)puš ina(s)saḫ
 en: Concerning the oxen, if he relaxes, moves on,
6. i-na-ad-di it-ta-al-la-ak i-na _a2-bi_ i-te-el-li
 ts: inaddi ittallak ina idīšu ītelli
 en: drops (work and) leaves, he will forfeit his wages.
7. i-na _sza3 a2-bi 1(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar_ ma-hi-ir
 ts: ina libbi idīšu ištēn šiqil kaspam maḫir
 en: From his wages, he can receive one shekel of silver.
  single ruling
8. _igi_ lu2-{d}iszkur-ra _dumu_ i3-li2-u2-sa-a-tim
 ts: maḫar awīl-adad mār ilī-u(s)satim
 en: Before Awīl-adad, son of Ilī-ussatim;
9. _igi_ usz-te-<sze>-er-a-na-{d}marduk _dumu_ e-ri-ib-{d}urasz
 ts: maḫar uštēšer-ana-marduk mār erīb-uraš
 en: before Uštēšer-ana-marduk, son of Erīb-uraš.
10. _iti kin-{d}inanna u4 2(u) 2(disz)-kam_
 ts: waraḫ elūnum ūmam ešrā šinā
 en: The month of Elūnum, the day 22 (of)
11. _mu am-mi-s,a-du-qa2 lugal-e alan-a-ni szu silim-ma_
 ts: šanat ammi-ṣaduqa šarrum ṣalamšu šulmam
 en: the year in which Samsu-iluna the king (brought into Emeteursag) a statue (representing him) uttering a greeting.
seal 1
  (uninscribed)
1. _kiszib3_ gi-mi-il-lum
 ts: kunuk gimillum
 en: Seal of Gimillum
seal 2
1. lu2#-{d}iszkur#
 ts: awīl-adad
 en: Awīl-adad
2. _dumu#_ i3-li2-u2-[sa-a-tim]
 ts: mār ilī-u(s)satim
 en: son of Ilī-ussatim,
3. ARAD# {d}iszkur#
 ts: warad adad
 en: servant of Adad

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

  • Artifact type: Tablet
  • Material: Clay
  • Measurements (mm):
  • Weight:
  • Artifact Preservation:
  • Condition Description:
  • Join Information:
  • Seal no.:
  • Seal information:
  • Artifact comments:

  • Genre(s): Legal (hire Contract of hire of a farmworker. 10X2X10 UE2 lines)
  • Language(s): Akkadian

  • primary: PBS 8/2, 196

    [Chiera1922PBS8/2] Chiera, Edward. 1922. Old Babylonian Contracts. Publications of the Babylonian Section 8/2. Philadelphia: University Museum.

  • Composite No.:
  • Museum No.: CBS 00356
  • Accession No.:

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2023-01-19 at 10:20:17 Pagé-Perron, Émilie Artifact Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie Electronic Babylonian Library Pagé-Perron, Émilie approved View
2021-03-22 at 07:19:53 Lafont, Bertrand Atf Guidi, Carlo CDLI approved View
2020-06-30 at 08:48:07 Woestenburg, Els Atf Woestenburg, Els CDLI approved View
2005-04-25 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact Englund, Robert K.; Fitzgerald, Madeleine; Foxvog, Daniel A.; Frayne, Douglas R.; Peterson, Jeremiah; Veldhuis, Niek; Zimmermann, Lynn-Salammbô Penn Museum CDLI approved View

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

General Notes: -
CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifact

“PBS 08/2, 196 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P257802.
PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry (No. P257802). (2023, February 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P257802 (Original work published 2005)
PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P257802 (Accessed: October 29, 2025).
@misc{2023PBS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-10-29]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {feb 1},
	title = {PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P257802},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P257802},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/2/1/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P257802
LB  - CDLI:P257802
M1  - 2025/10/29/
TI  - PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P257802
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“PBS 08/2, 196 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P257802.
PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry (No. P257802). (2023, February 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P257802 (Original work published 2005)
PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P257802 (Accessed: October 29, 2025).
@misc{2023PBS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-10-29]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {feb 1},
	title = {PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P257802},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P257802},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/2/1/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P257802
LB  - CDLI:P257802
M1  - 2025/10/29/
TI  - PBS 08/2, 196 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P257802
ER  -
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