SAOC 44, 70 (P257344)
Legal tablet & envelope excavated in Nippur (mod. Nuffar), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAMetadata / catalogue
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Museum Collection(s)
Penn Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAMuseum Number
UM 55-21-165Provenience
Nippur (mod. Nuffar)Artifact Type
Tablet & envelopeMaterial(s)
ClayGenre / Subgenre(s)
Legal (8.4x5.1, 9.0x6.3)Language(s)
-Measurements
-Has seal impression(s)
tablet
obverse
1. [... nam-ugula e2 nam-i3-du8]
2. u3 nam-bur-szu-ma
3. e2#? an e2 {d}utu-kam
4. [mu-a] u4 1(u)-kam
5. [bala gub]-ba u-bar-{d}utu
6. dumu {d}suen-en-nam-ke4
7. ki u-bar-{d}utu dumu {d}suen-en-nam#-ta
8. {disz}a-at-ta-a u3 im-gu-tum
9. dumu-me na-ra-am-{d}suen-ke4
10. in-szi-in-sa10-esz
11. sa10-am3 til-la-bi-sze3
12. 1/2(disz) ma-na 1/2(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar
13. in-na-an-la2-esz
14. u4-kur2-sze3
reverse
1. {disz}u-bar-[{d}utu ...]
2. u3 ibila#?-[...]
3. x x [...]
4. [...]
5. inim [nu-ga2-ga2-a]
6. mu# [lugal-bi in-pa3-de3-esz]
7. igi [...]-tum?
8. igi [...]-tum
9. igi [...]-szi#
10. igi ip-[qu2-er-s,e-tim dumu na-ra-am-{d}]suen#
11. [igi] AN [...]-tum
12. igi i3-li2#-[i-qi2-sza-am simug dumu a-pil2-{d}]utu
13. igi a#-[... dumu {d}nin-urta]-ga-mil
single ruling
14. [iti udru{duru5}
15. mu sa-am-su2-i-lu-na] lugal# [...]
some text moved from previous line
envelope
obverse
1. [...] nam-ugula e2 nam#-i3-[du8]
2. [u3] nam-bur-szu-ma
3. [e2?] an e2 {d}utu-kam
4. mu-a u4 1(u)-kam
5. bala gub-ba u-bar-{d}utu
6. dumu {d}suen-en-nam
7. ki u-bar-{d}utu dumu {d}suen-en-nam-ta
8. {disz}a-at-ta-a u3 im-gu-tum
9. dumu-me na-ra-am#-{d}suen-[ke4]
10. in-szi-in#-sa10#-[esz]
11. sa10-am3 til-la-[bi-sze3]
12. 1/2(disz) ma-na [1/2(disz) gin2 ku3]-babbar
13. in-na-an-[la2]-esz
14. u4-kur2-sze3 [{disz}u-bar]-{d}utu
15. dumu {d}suen-en#-nam# [u3 ibila-ni a-na me-a-bi]
16. 1(disz) udu x [...]
rest broken
reverse
beginning broken
1'. [...] x
2'. [...]-tum
3'. [...]-x-tum
4'. [...]-ba?-szi#?
5'. [igi ip-qu2-er]-s,e#?-tim#? dumu na-ra-<am>-{d}suen
6'. [igi {d}da]-mu#-e-ri-ba-am dumu ur?-[...]
7'. [igi i3-li2]-i#-qi2-sza-am simug dumu a-pil2-{d}utu
8'. [igi] {disz}a-x-[... dumu] {d}nin-urta-ga-mil
9'. [igi ...]-me? dub-sar#-sze3
blank space
10'. [iti] udru{duru5}
11'. mu sa-am-su2-i-lu-na lugal i7# sa-am-su2-i-lu-na na-[... mu-un]-ba-al#-la# [...]
some text moved from previous line
seal 1
1. u-bar-{d}utu
2. dumu {d}suen-en-nam
obverse
1. [... nam-ugula e2 nam-i3-du8]
2. u3 nam-bur-szu-ma
3. e2#? an e2 {d}utu-kam
4. [mu-a] u4 1(u)-kam
5. [bala gub]-ba u-bar-{d}utu
6. dumu {d}suen-en-nam-ke4
7. ki u-bar-{d}utu dumu {d}suen-en-nam#-ta
8. {disz}a-at-ta-a u3 im-gu-tum
9. dumu-me na-ra-am-{d}suen-ke4
10. in-szi-in-sa10-esz
11. sa10-am3 til-la-bi-sze3
12. 1/2(disz) ma-na 1/2(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar
13. in-na-an-la2-esz
14. u4-kur2-sze3
reverse
1. {disz}u-bar-[{d}utu ...]
2. u3 ibila#?-[...]
3. x x [...]
4. [...]
5. inim [nu-ga2-ga2-a]
6. mu# [lugal-bi in-pa3-de3-esz]
7. igi [...]-tum?
8. igi [...]-tum
9. igi [...]-szi#
10. igi ip-[qu2-er-s,e-tim dumu na-ra-am-{d}]suen#
11. [igi] AN [...]-tum
12. igi i3-li2#-[i-qi2-sza-am simug dumu a-pil2-{d}]utu
13. igi a#-[... dumu {d}nin-urta]-ga-mil
single ruling
14. [iti udru{duru5}
15. mu sa-am-su2-i-lu-na] lugal# [...]
some text moved from previous line
envelope
obverse
1. [...] nam-ugula e2 nam#-i3-[du8]
2. [u3] nam-bur-szu-ma
3. [e2?] an e2 {d}utu-kam
4. mu-a u4 1(u)-kam
5. bala gub-ba u-bar-{d}utu
6. dumu {d}suen-en-nam
7. ki u-bar-{d}utu dumu {d}suen-en-nam-ta
8. {disz}a-at-ta-a u3 im-gu-tum
9. dumu-me na-ra-am#-{d}suen-[ke4]
10. in-szi-in#-sa10#-[esz]
11. sa10-am3 til-la-[bi-sze3]
12. 1/2(disz) ma-na [1/2(disz) gin2 ku3]-babbar
13. in-na-an-[la2]-esz
14. u4-kur2-sze3 [{disz}u-bar]-{d}utu
15. dumu {d}suen-en#-nam# [u3 ibila-ni a-na me-a-bi]
16. 1(disz) udu x [...]
rest broken
reverse
beginning broken
1'. [...] x
2'. [...]-tum
3'. [...]-x-tum
4'. [...]-ba?-szi#?
5'. [igi ip-qu2-er]-s,e#?-tim#? dumu na-ra-<am>-{d}suen
6'. [igi {d}da]-mu#-e-ri-ba-am dumu ur?-[...]
7'. [igi i3-li2]-i#-qi2-sza-am simug dumu a-pil2-{d}utu
8'. [igi] {disz}a-x-[... dumu] {d}nin-urta-ga-mil
9'. [igi ...]-me? dub-sar#-sze3
blank space
10'. [iti] udru{duru5}
11'. mu sa-am-su2-i-lu-na lugal i7# sa-am-su2-i-lu-na na-[... mu-un]-ba-al#-la# [...]
some text moved from previous line
seal 1
1. u-bar-{d}utu
2. dumu {d}suen-en-nam
Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
- Artifact type: Tablet & envelope
- Material: Clay
- Measurements (mm):
- Weight:
- Artifact Preservation:
- Condition Description:
- Join Information:
- Seal no.:
- Seal information:
- Artifact comments:
- Genre(s): Legal (8.4x5.1, 9.0x6.3)
- Language(s):
-
primary: SAOC 44, 70
[Stone1987neighborhoods] Stone, Elizabeth C. 1987. Nippur Neighborhoods. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 44. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
- Composite No.:
- Museum No.: UM 55-21-165
- Accession No.:
- Provenience: Nippur (mod. Nuffar)
- Elevation:
- Stratigraphic Level:
- Excavation No: 2N-T0778
- Findspot Square:
-
Findspot Comments:
OI/UM 1949-50: TB 75, level E 2
- Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
- Dates Referenced: Samsu-iluna.03.11.00
- Alternative Years:
- Date Comments:
- Accounting Period:
| Created | Creator | Type | Authors | Project | Reviewer | Status | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-01-19 at 10:20:17 | Pagé-Perron, Émilie | Artifact | Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie | Electronic Babylonian Library | Pagé-Perron, Émilie | approved |
 |
| 2020-01-16 at 10:10:59 | Foxvog, Daniel A. | Atf | Foxvog, Daniel A. | CDLI | approved |
|
|
| 2005-02-24 at 00:00:00 | CDLI | Artifact | Fitzgerald, Madeleine; Peterson, Jeremiah | CDLI | approved |
|
Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:
- Penn Museum (567774) (567774)
- Electronic Babylonian Library (UM.55-21-165) (UM.55-21-165)
This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):
| Seal | Provenience | Period | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185) | - | - |
General Notes:
-
CDLI Notes:
-
Cite this Artifact
“SAOC 44, 70 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P257344.
SAOC 44, 70 artifact entry (No. P257344). (2023, February 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P257344 (Original work published 2005)
SAOC 44, 70 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P257344 (Accessed: October 23, 2025).
@misc{2023SAOC,
note = {[Online; accessed 2025-10-23]},
year = {2023},
month = {feb 1},
title = {SAOC 44, 70 artifact entry},
url = {https://cdli.earth/P257344},
howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P257344},
}
TY - ELEC DA - 2023/2/1/ PY - 2023 ID - P257344 LB - CDLI:P257344 M1 - 2025/10/23/ TI - SAOC 44, 70 artifact entry UR - https://cdli.earth/P257344 ER -