TA 1931 256 (P448545)

Legal sealing excavated in Ešnunna (mod. Tell Asmar), dated to the Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC) period and now kept in Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures West Asia & North Africa Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Museum Collection(s)

Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures West Asia & North Africa Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Museum Number

OIM A—

Period

Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)

Provenience

Ešnunna (mod. Tell Asmar)

Artifact Type

Sealing

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

-

Has seal impression(s)

Text

object sealing
  blank space
  seal impression
seal 1
column 1
1. {d}tiszpak
 en: To Tišpak,
2. _lugal_ da-num2
 en: the mighty king,
3. _lugal_ ma-at wa-ri-im
 en: king of the land of Warûm,
4. ki-ri-ki-ri
 en: Kirikiri,
column 2
1. _ensi2_
 en: governor
2. asz2-nun-na{ki}
 en: of Ešnunna,
3. a-na
 en: to
4. bi-la-la-ma
 en: Bilalama
5. _dumu-ni_-szu
 en: his son
6. i-qi4-isz
 en: presented it (this seal).

Text content

Genre(s) Legal
Language(s) Akkadian

Chronology

Period Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Accounting Period

Seals

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal Seal Number Provenience Period Date
CDLI Seals 005734 (physical) (P458444) S005734 Ešnunna (mod. Tell Asmar) Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC) Kirikiri.00.00.00

Record

LOD URI https://cdli.network/entity/P448545

Physical information

sealing for bag

Artifact type Sealing
Dimensions
Weight
Material(s) Clay
Preservation

Provenance

Provenience Ešnunna (mod. Tell Asmar)
Written In
Archive
Excavation Number TA 1931 T0256
Findspot O30:18 (lower); OSP 43, 145 (footnote): in doorway between O30:17 and O30:18 (see p. 22)
Palace of the Rulers
Stratigraphic Level Kirikiri
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s) Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures West Asia & North Africa Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Museum Number OIM A—
Accession Number

References

  • primary: RIME 4, .05.02.01, ex. 02

    [Frayne1990RIME4] Frayne, Douglas R. 1990. Old Baylonian Period (2003-1595 BC). Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Early Periods 4. University of Toronto Press.

  • primary: AOAT 274 (pp. 355-389), 381

    [ReichelAOAT274] Reichel, Clemens. 2003. “A Modern Crime and a Ancient Mystery: The Seal of Bilalama,” Alter Orient und Altes Testament, , no. 274: Festschrift für Burkhart Kienast: 355–89.

  • history: First Impressions, 500

    [Collon2005FirstImpressions] Collon, Dominique. 2005. First Impressions: Cylinder Seals in the Ancient Near East (2nd Edition). British Museum Press.

    (sealing)

  • history: OIP 43, 145 TA 1931 256

    [Jacobsen1940OIP43] Frankfort, Henri, Seton Lloyd, and Thorkild Jacobsen. 1940. The Gimilsin Temple and the Palace of the Rulers at Tell Asmar. Oriental Institute Publications. University of Chicago.

Revisions and credits

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2024-10-04 at 13:07:26 Firth, Richard Artifact metadata, Other metadata Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2023-11-03 at 10:15:37 Firth, Richard Artifact metadata Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2023-10-21 at 15:34:35 Firth, Richard Artifact metadata Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2023-10-19 at 12:09:27 Pagé-Perron, Émilie Transliteration Pagé-Perron, Émilie Pagé-Perron, Émilie Approved View
2023-10-18 at 16:34:00 Firth, Richard Transliteration Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2023-10-18 at 16:29:07 Firth, Richard Artifact metadata Firth, Richard Firth, Richard Approved View
2018-01-14 at 12:08:08 Firth, Richard Transliteration Firth, Richard CDLI, CDLI Approved View
2018-01-14 at 12:04:08 Firth, Richard Transliteration Firth, Richard CDLI, CDLI Approved View
2013-05-27 at 11:40:02 Foxvog, Daniel A. Transliteration Foxvog, Daniel A. CDLI, CDLI Approved View
2013-01-20 at 00:00:00 CDLI, CDLI Artifact metadata Foxvog, Daniel A.; Frayne, Douglas R. CDLI, CDLI Approved View

Cite this Artifact

“TA 1931 256 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). October 4, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P448545.
TA 1931 256 artifact entry (No. P448545). (2024, October 4). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P448545 (Original work published 2013)
TA 1931 256 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P448545 (Accessed: October 18, 2026).
@misc{2024TA,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-10-18]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {oct 4},
	title = {TA 1931 256 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P448545},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P448545},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/10/4/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P448545
LB  - CDLI:P448545
M1  - 2026/10/18/
TI  - TA 1931 256 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P448545
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“TA 1931 256 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). October 4, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P448545.
TA 1931 256 artifact entry (No. P448545). (2024, October 4). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P448545 (Original work published 2013)
TA 1931 256 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P448545 (Accessed: October 18, 2026).
@misc{2024TA,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-10-18]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {oct 4},
	title = {TA 1931 256 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P448545},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P448545},
}


TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/10/4/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P448545
LB  - CDLI:P448545
M1  - 2026/10/18/
TI  - TA 1931 256 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P448545
ER  -
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