[{"id":1777071,"designation":"JANES 21","bibtexkey":"Hallo1992JANES21","year":"1992","entry_type_id":1,"how_published":"https:\/\/janes.scholasticahq.com\/article\/2374-a-guided-tour-through-babylonian-history-cuneiform-inscriptions-in-the-cincinnati-art-museum","journal_id":125,"number":"1","title":"A Guided Tour through Babylonian History: Cuneiform Inscriptions in the Cincinnati Art Museum","volume":"21","proveniences":[],"artifact_assets":[],"external_resources":[],"editors":[],"authors":[{"id":1236939,"publication_id":1777071,"author_id":643,"author":{"id":643,"author":"Hallo, William W.","last":"Hallo","first":"William W.","birth_year":1928,"death_year":2015}},{"id":1236940,"publication_id":1777071,"author_id":551,"sequence":1,"author":{"id":551,"author":"Weisberg, David B.","last":"Weisberg","first":" David B."}}],"journal":{"id":125,"journal":"Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society, New York"},"entry_type":{"id":1,"label":"article"},"artifacts":[{"id":111779,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 69 02 \u0026 03","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":3,"accession_no":"1914.681 \u0026 1914.682","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160ulgi.34.04.00","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45802,"artifact_id":111779,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":3,"artifact_type":"tablet \u0026 envelope","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets in ancient Mesopotamia, when sent as messages, were often encased in a clay envelope. Functioning identically to modern envelopes, the clay objects were often impressed with a personal seal to mark the item with the official guarantee of the sender. The category contains both unopened envelopes containing \u003Ca href=\u0022\/P248967\u0022\u003Eunread tablets\u003C\/a\u003E and broken or opened envelopes and their \u003Ca href=\u0022\/P142785\u0022\u003Ecorresponding tablet\u003C\/a\u003E. The \u2018Tablet and Envelope\u2019 category is distinct from both the \u2018Tablet\u2019 category and the \u2018Envelope\u2019 category as \u2018Tablet and Envelope\u2019 represents specific tablets and their corresponding envelopes that survived from antiquity."},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742371,"entity_id":111779,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"69 02 \u0026 03","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111780,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 71 04","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.684","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160ulgi.43.00.00, \u0160ulgi.44.00.00","dates_referenced_comments":"20111211 corrected firth","accounting_period":"\u0160ulgi.43.00.00 to \u0160ulgi.44.00.00","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45803,"artifact_id":111780,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742372,"entity_id":111780,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"71 04","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111781,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 72 05","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1988.264","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160ulgi.46.02.00","dates_referenced_comments":"20140317 corrected firth","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45804,"artifact_id":111781,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742373,"entity_id":111781,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"72 05","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111782,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 73 06","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.686","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160\u016b-Suen.05.00.00 (us2 year)","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45805,"artifact_id":111782,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742374,"entity_id":111782,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"73 06","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111783,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 74 07","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.683","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160\u016b-Suen.05.03.26","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45806,"artifact_id":111783,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742375,"entity_id":111783,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"74 07","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111784,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 75 08","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":154,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1988.267","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"\u0160\u016b-Suen.08.00.00","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45807,"artifact_id":111784,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":154,"provenience":"Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)","location_id":238,"place_id":71,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742376,"entity_id":111784,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"75 08","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111785,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 76 09","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":160,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.685","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Amar-Suen.08.02.08, Amar-Suen.08.02.22","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"Amar-Suen.08.02.08 to Amar-Suen.08.02.22","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45808,"artifact_id":111785,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":160,"provenience":"Puzri\u0161-Dagan (mod. Drehem)","location_id":126,"place_id":47,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742377,"entity_id":111785,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"76 09","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111786,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 77 10","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":160,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1988.265","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Amar-Suen.01.12.04","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45809,"artifact_id":111786,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":160,"provenience":"Puzri\u0161-Dagan (mod. Drehem)","location_id":126,"place_id":47,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742378,"entity_id":111786,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"77 10","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":111787,"cdli_comments":"20160627 ozaki: cf. \/\/ P235687","composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 78 11","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":160,"period_id":15,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1988.268","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Amar-Suen.02.04.26","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":45810,"artifact_id":111787,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":160,"provenience":"Puzri\u0161-Dagan (mod. Drehem)","location_id":126,"place_id":47,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742379,"entity_id":111787,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"78 11","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373765,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 80 13","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":168,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1988.266","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234448,"artifact_id":373765,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":168,"provenience":"Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)","location_id":315,"place_id":86,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742380,"entity_id":373765,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"80 13","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373766,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 81 14","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":168,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.687","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Sin-iddinam.06.10.14","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234449,"artifact_id":373766,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":168,"provenience":"Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)","location_id":315,"place_id":86,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276880953,"entity_id":373766,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"81 14","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373767,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 82 15","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":168,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.691","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Sin-iddinam.01.00.00","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234450,"artifact_id":373767,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":168,"provenience":"Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)","location_id":315,"place_id":86,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742383,"entity_id":373767,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"82 15","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373768,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 83 16","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":168,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.688","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Rim-Sin.01.04.25, Rim-Sin.01.04.26","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"Rim-Sin.01.04.25 to Rim-Sin.01.04.26","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234451,"artifact_id":373768,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":168,"provenience":"Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)","location_id":315,"place_id":86,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742384,"entity_id":373768,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"83 16","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373769,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 84 17","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":306,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.690","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234452,"artifact_id":373769,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":306,"provenience":"uncertain (mod. uncertain)","location_id":null,"place_id":null,"region_id":null,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742385,"entity_id":373769,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"84 17","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373770,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 85 18","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":306,"period_id":20,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.680","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":true,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234453,"artifact_id":373770,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":20,"sequence":21,"period":"Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)","name":"Middle Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1400-1100 BC"},"provenience":{"id":306,"provenience":"uncertain (mod. uncertain)","location_id":null,"place_id":null,"region_id":null,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742386,"entity_id":373770,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"85 18","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373771,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 86 19","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":168,"period_id":18,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.689","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234454,"artifact_id":373771,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":18,"sequence":19,"period":"Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)","name":"Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 1900-1600 BC"},"provenience":{"id":168,"provenience":"Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)","location_id":315,"place_id":86,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742387,"entity_id":373771,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"86 19","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373772,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 87 20","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":105,"period_id":35,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.693","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234455,"artifact_id":373772,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":35,"sequence":28,"period":"Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)","name":"Neo-Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 626-539 BC"},"provenience":{"id":105,"provenience":"Uruk (mod. Warka)","location_id":570,"place_id":145,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742389,"entity_id":373772,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"87 20","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373773,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 88 21","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":306,"period_id":35,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.696","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234456,"artifact_id":373773,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":35,"sequence":28,"period":"Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)","name":"Neo-Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 626-539 BC"},"provenience":{"id":306,"provenience":"uncertain (mod. uncertain)","location_id":null,"place_id":null,"region_id":null,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742390,"entity_id":373773,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"88 21","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373774,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 89 22","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":306,"period_id":35,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.695","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234457,"artifact_id":373774,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":35,"sequence":28,"period":"Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)","name":"Neo-Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 626-539 BC"},"provenience":{"id":306,"provenience":"uncertain (mod. uncertain)","location_id":null,"place_id":null,"region_id":null,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742391,"entity_id":373774,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"89 22","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373775,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"JANES 21, 90 23","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":306,"period_id":35,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.694","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":null,"dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234458,"artifact_id":373775,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":35,"sequence":28,"period":"Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)","name":"Neo-Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 626-539 BC"},"provenience":{"id":306,"provenience":"uncertain (mod. uncertain)","location_id":null,"place_id":null,"region_id":null,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742392,"entity_id":373775,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"90 23","publication_type":"primary","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373763,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"RIME 3\/1.01.07.037, ex. add1483","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":88,"period_id":13,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":9,"accession_no":"1985.015","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Gudea.00.00.00","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234446,"artifact_id":373763,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":9,"artifact_type":"cone","parent_id":null,"description":"Cones were conical objects with a tapered end made from baked clay that bore building inscriptions or dedicatory texts. Cones can closely resemble clay nails, the latter of which typically has a more distinct head than a cone. Examples from the third millennium include the Early Dynastic IIIb \u003Ca href=\u0022\/P222550\u0022\u003Econes of Enmetena\u003C\/a\u003E and the \u003Ca href=\u0022\/P232365\u0022\u003Econes of Gudea\u003C\/a\u003E, both from Girsu (modern Tello). During the Old Babylonian period, the \u2018headless\u2019 cone continues to be found in foundation deposits, while the clay \u2018nail\u2019 which now has a broader head is found built into the walls of buildings. During this period a copy of the inscription on the shaft can be found on the ends of both cones and nails. Inscribed nails were also used in the Neo-Assyrian period. For other clay objects found in foundation deposits, see the categories of \u2018Cylinder\u2019, \u2018Prism\u2019, and \u2018Tablet\u2019 respectively. For foundation pegs, see the \u2018Figure\u2019 category."},"period":{"id":13,"sequence":14,"period":"Lagash II (ca. 2200-2100 BC)","name":"Lagash II","time_range":"ca. 2200-2100 BC"},"provenience":{"id":88,"provenience":"Girsu (mod. Tello)","location_id":160,"place_id":56,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742393,"entity_id":373763,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"68 01","publication_type":"history","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}},{"id":373764,"cdli_comments":null,"composite_no":null,"condition_description":null,"designation":"RIME 4.04.01.04, ex. add156","elevation":null,"excavation_no":null,"findspot_comments":null,"findspot_square":null,"museum_no":"CAM \u2014","artifact_preservation":null,"is_public":true,"is_atf_public":true,"are_images_public":true,"seal_no":null,"seal_information":null,"stratigraphic_level":null,"surface_preservation":null,"thickness":null,"height":null,"width":null,"weight":null,"provenience_id":105,"period_id":16,"is_provenience_uncertain":false,"is_period_uncertain":false,"artifact_type_id":4,"accession_no":"1914.692","alternative_years":"","period_comments":"","provenience_comments":"","is_school_text":false,"written_in":null,"is_artifact_type_uncertain":false,"archive_id":null,"dates_referenced":"Sin-kashid.00.00.00","dates_referenced_comments":"","accounting_period":"","artifact_comments":null,"created_by":820,"retired":false,"has_fragments":false,"is_artifact_fake":false,"destroyed":null,"unlocated":null,"anepigraphic":null,"artifact_type_comments":null,"is_archive_uncertain":null,"redirect_artifact_id":null,"retired_comments":null,"collections":[{"id":381,"collection":"Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","collection_url":"https:\/\/cincinnatiartmuseum.org","slug":null,"description":null,"is_pinned":false,"collection_actor":"Foundation","collection_holding":"Museum","collection_actor_status":"Group","collection_holding_status":"Extant","collection_is_private":false,"country_iso":"USA","region_gadm":"USA.36_1","district_gadm":"USA.36.31_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-84.4972,"location_latitude_wgs1984":39.1139,"location_accuracy":null,"glow_id":230,"license_id":null,"license_attribution":null,"license_comment":null,"_joinData":{"id":234447,"artifact_id":373764,"collection_id":381}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27,"description":"Tablets were the most common medium for writing in Mesopotamia. Styluses were impressed upon wet clay which, when sun dried or baked, would harden and preserve the text. Tablets were used for official letters and missives, economic archival texts, legal texts, religious documents and the recording of omen lists to educational texts and poetry. The \u003Ci\u003Elongue dur\u00e9e\u003C\/i\u003E of the clay tablet\u2019s use as a primary writing form and the durability of baked clay has led to an astounding number of tablets to survive to this day. Tablet here is the distinct and singular category of the baked clay text.There is no differentiation between the genre of the tablet but simply the materiality and dimensions of the object, be it lenticular of rectangular.Other forms of writing such as writing boards, prisms and cylinders are in categories of their own. Likewise the clay envelope casings that tablets were transported in are found in the envelope category. Similarly the category of \u2018Tablet \u0026amp; Envelope\u2019 is for tablets that have survived with their particular envelopes \u2013 in both extant and fragmented states \u2013 from antiquity. \u2018Tablet\u2019 is also distinct from the \u2018Tag\u2019 category as, although the objects can near identical lenticular inscribed clay objects, tags represent a specific administrative function and evolutionary point in the development of writing. "},"period":{"id":16,"sequence":17,"period":"Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)","name":"Early Old Babylonian","time_range":"ca. 2000-1900 BC"},"provenience":{"id":105,"provenience":"Uruk (mod. Warka)","location_id":570,"place_id":145,"region_id":8,"description":null},"entities_publication":{"id":276742394,"entity_id":373764,"publication_id":1777071,"exact_reference":"79 12","publication_type":"history","publication_comments":null,"table_name":"artifacts"}}]}]