TS 078 (P498233)

Business / Contracts tablet & envelope excavated in Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in British Museum, London, UK

Metadata / catalogue

Flat catalogue

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Expanded catalogue

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Linked catalogue

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Text / annotations

Text data

As ATF As JTF

Linked annotations

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Related publications

As CSV As BibTeX

Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

As CSV

Museum Collection(s)

British Museum, London, UK

Museum Number

BM 033240 & BM 033240a

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)

Artifact Type

Tablet & envelope

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal > Business / Contracts

Language(s)

Measurements

Has seal impression(s)

Text

tablet
obverse
1. _sa10 <ku3> a-ab-ba_
2. _zu2-lum szum2{sar} siki du_
3. u3 _i3-gesz_ sza e2-kal2-lum
4. a-na _kar larsa{ki}-ma_
5. id!-di-nu-u2
6. {disz}i-ri-ba-am-{d}suen _dumu_ u-bar-{d}utu
7. u3 _szesz-a-ni-mesz_
8. _ki_ ni-di-in-isz8-tar2 _ugula nam-5(disz)_
9. u3 s,i2-li2-isz8-tar2 tah-hu-szu-nu
10. mah-ru li-ib-ba-szu-nu
11. t,a-ab
reverse
1. _igi_ i3-li2-i-din-nam _dumu_ a-ap-pa-a
2. _igi_ nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta _dumu-ni_
3. _igi_ i3-li2-ip-pa-al-sa3-am ra-bi-a-nu
4. _igi_ i3-li2-i-qi2-sza-am _dumu_ i-nun-e2-a
5. _igi_ lu2-{d}en-lil2-la2 _dumu_ li-pi2-it-isz8-tar2
6. _igi_ lu-mur-gi-mil-{d}utu _dumu_ nu-ur2-{d}mar-tu
7. _igi_ {d}iszkur-ma-an-szum2
blank space
8. _kiszib_ eri-ba-{d}suen
9. _iti bara2-za3-gar [u4 2(u)-kam]_
10. _mu_ sa-am-su-i-lu-na _lugal-e {gesz}tukul szu-nir nig2 babbar-ra ku3-sig17 ku3-babbar me-te-e e2-e-ke4 {d}marduk-ra a mu-na-ru_
(seal impressions)
envelope
obverse
1. _sa10# [ku3 a]-ab-[ba_]
2. _zu2-lum# [szum2]{sar} siki du u3 i3-gesz_
3. sza e2-kal2-lum a-na _kar larsa{ki}-ma_
4. id#-di-nu-u2
5. {disz}i-ri-ba-am#-{d}suen _dumu_ u-bar-{d}utu
6. u3 _szesz-a-ni-mesz_
7. _ki_ ni-di-in-isz8-tar2 _ugula nam-5(disz)_
8. u3 s,i2-li2-isz8-tar2 tah-hu-szu-nu
9. mah-ru li-ib-ba-szu-nu
10. t,a-ab
reverse
1. _igi_ i3-li2-i-din-[nam _dumu_ a-ap-pa-a]
2. _igi_ nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta _dumu-[ni_]
3. _igi_ i3-li2-ip-pa-al-sa3-am ra-bi-a-nu
4. _igi_ i3-li2-i-qi2-sza-am _dumu_ i-nun-e2-a
5. _igi_ lu-usz-ta-mar-{d}iszkur _dumu_ im-gur!-rum
6. _igi_ lu-mur-gi-mil-{d}utu
7. _dumu_ nu-ur2-{d}mar-tu
8. _igi_ {d}iszkur-ma-an-szum2
9. _kiszib lu2-inim-ma-bi-mesz ib2-ra_
10. _iti bara2-za3-gar u4 2(u)-kam_
11. _mu_ sa-am-su-i-lu-na _lugal-e {gesz}tukul# szu-nir nig2 babbar-ra ku3-sig17 ku3-babbar me-te-e e2-e-ke4 {d}marduk-ra a mu-na-ru_
edge
1. _kiszib_ eri-ba-{d}suen
(written small, alongside seal 1)
(seal impressions)
seal 1
1. e-ri-ba-am-{d}suen
seal 2
1. nu-ur2-{d}kab-ta
2. _dub-sar_
3. _ARAD_ {d}nin-si4-an-na
seal 3
1. i3-li2-ip-pa-ap-sa3-am
2. _dumu_ qi2-isz-ti-{d}er3-ra
3. _ARAD_ sza {d}nergal
seal 4
1. i-nun-e2-a
2. [_dumu_] il3#-szu-ba-ni
3. [...]
seal 5
1. lu-mu-ur-gi-mil-{d}utu
2. [...]
seal 6
1. [{d}iszkur-ma-an-szum2]
2. _dumu_ {d}suen-isz-me-a-[ni]
3. _ARAD_ {d}[...]
4. u3 {d}[...]
seal 7
1. lu-usz-ta-mar#-[{d}iszkur]
2. _dumu_ im-gu-[ru-um]
3. [...]

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Collections

British Museum, London, UK

Physical Information

Artifact type: Tablet & envelope
Material: Clay
Measurements (mm):
Weight:
Artifact Preservation:
Condition Description:
Join Information:
Seal no.:
Seal information:
MVS 17, 20
Artifact comments:

Text Information

Genre(s): Legal > Business / Contracts
Language(s):

Related publications

primary: Archives familiales, 78

[Charpin1980Archivesfamiliales] Charpin, Dominique. 1980. Archives Familiales et Propriéte Privée En Babylonie Ancienne : Étude Des Documents de “Tell Sifr.” Vol. 12. Hautes Études Orientales.
history: Archives familiales, pl. 003

[Charpin1980Archivesfamiliales] Charpin, Dominique. 1980. Archives Familiales et Propriéte Privée En Babylonie Ancienne : Étude Des Documents de “Tell Sifr.” Vol. 12. Hautes Études Orientales.
history: MVS 17, no. 20

[Colbow1995MVS17] Colbow, Gudrun. 1995. Die Spätaltbabylonische Glyptik Südbabyloniens. Münchener Vorderasiatische Studien 17. München, Wien: Profil Verlag.

(seals)
history: Tell Sifr, 78

[Jean1931TellSifr] Jean, Charles-François. 1931. Tell Sifr : Textes Cunéiformes Conservés Au British Museum. Paris : Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner.
history: Strassmaier Warka, 055

[Strassmaier1882] Strassmaier, Johann N. 1882. Texte, Altbabylonischer Verträge Aus Warka. Orient. Congr. Abhandll.

Identifiers

Composite No.:
Museum No.: BM 033240 & BM 033240a
Accession No.: B 083

Provenience

Provenience: Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)
Elevation:
Stratigraphic Level:
Excavation No:
Findspot Square:
Findspot Comments:

Chronology

Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Dates Referenced: Samsu-iluna.07.01.20
Alternative Years:
Date Comments:
Accounting Period:

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status
2025-11-28 at 19:35:28	Firth, Richard	Artifact	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2025-09-02 at 15:01:29	Firth, Richard	Artifact	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2025-07-31 at 13:34:46	Firth, Richard	Artifact	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-16 at 10:33:12	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-15 at 14:08:12	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2023-09-09 at 18:41:45	Rattenborg, Rune	Artifact	Rattenborg, Rune	Geomapping Landscapes of Writing	Rattenborg, Rune	approved
2023-01-20 at 12:10:25	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Artifact	Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Electronic Babylonian Library	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	approved
2019-05-23 at 09:08:09	Foxvog, Daniel A.	Atf	Foxvog, Daniel A.		CDLI	approved
2016-04-23 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact	Wagensonner, Klaus		CDLI	approved

External Resources

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

Electronic Babylonian Library (BM.33240) (BM.33240)
The British Museum Collection (W_B-83) (W_B-83)

Seals

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal	Provenience	Period
CDLI Seals 013753 (composite) (P513769)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013758 (composite) (P513774)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013761 (composite) (P513777)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013763 (composite) (P513779)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013768 (composite) (P513784)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013784 (composite) (P514347)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
CDLI Seals 013785 (composite) (P514348)	Kutalla (mod. Tell Sifr)	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Notes

General Notes: -

CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifact

“TS 078 Artifact Entry.” (2016) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). November 28, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P498233.

TS 078 artifact entry (No. P498233). (2025, November 28). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P498233 (Original work published 2016)

TS 078 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P498233 (Accessed: January 14, 2026).

@misc{2025TS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-14]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {nov 28},
	title = {TS 078 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P498233},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P498233},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/11/28/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P498233
LB  - CDLI:P498233
M1  - 2026/1/14/
TI  - TS 078 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P498233
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“TS 078 Artifact Entry.” (2016) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). November 28, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P498233.

TS 078 artifact entry (No. P498233). (2025, November 28). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P498233 (Original work published 2016)

TS 078 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P498233 (Accessed: January 14, 2026).

@misc{2025TS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-14]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {nov 28},
	title = {TS 078 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P498233},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P498233},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/11/28/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P498233
LB  - CDLI:P498233
M1  - 2026/1/14/
TI  - TS 078 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P498233
ER  -