Edinburgh 31 (P453171)

Legal tablet excavated in Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir), dated to the Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC) period and now kept in National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Cite

Photo

Lineart

Museum Collection(s)

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Number

NMS A.1911.203.03

Period

Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)

Provenience

Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Measurements

57.0 mm × 40.0 mm × 20.0 mm

Text content

Genre(s)	Legal
Language(s)

Chronology

Period	Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Dates Referenced	(Manana dynasty)
Accounting Period

Record

CDLI number	P453171
LOD URI	https://cdli.network/entity/P453171

Physical information

Artifact type	Tablet
Dimensions	57.0 mm × 40.0 mm × 20.0 mm
Weight
Material(s)	Clay
Preservation	complete (Surface: Good)

Provenance

Provenience	Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir)
Written In
Archive
Excavation Number
Findspot
Stratigraphic Level
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s)	National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Museum Number	NMS A.1911.203.03
Accession Number

References

primary: Edinburgh, 31

[Dalley1979Edinburgh] Dalley, Stephanie. 1979. A Catalogue of the Akkadian Cuneiform Tablets in the Collections of the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, with Copies of the Texts. Art & Archaeology 2. Edinburgh: The Royal Scottish Museum.
history: Hammurabi's Gesetz 6, no. 1769

[Koschaker1923HG6] Koschaker, Paul, and Arthur Ungnad. 1923. Hammurabi’s Gesetz. Band VI: Übersetzte Urkunden Mit Rechtserläuterungen. Leipzig: Eduard Pfeiffer.
history: PSBA 33, 237 no. 23

[Langdon1911PSBA33] Langdon, Stephen Herbert. 1911. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology 33.

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status	Action
2024-06-01 at 19:04:15	Firth, Richard	Artifact metadata, Other metadata	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	Approved
2013-06-27 at 00:00:00	CDLI, CDLI	Artifact metadata	Reid, Nicholas; Wagensonner, Klaus		CDLI, CDLI	Approved

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 31 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453171.

Edinburgh 31 artifact entry (No. P453171). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453171 (Original work published 2013)

Edinburgh 31 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453171 (Accessed: October 27, 2026).

@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-10-27]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 31 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453171},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453171},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453171
LB  - CDLI:P453171
M1  - 2026/10/27/
TI  - Edinburgh 31 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453171
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“Edinburgh 31 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 1, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453171.

Edinburgh 31 artifact entry (No. P453171). (2024, June 1). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453171 (Original work published 2013)

Edinburgh 31 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453171 (Accessed: October 27, 2026).

@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-10-27]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {jun 1},
	title = {Edinburgh 31 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453171},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453171},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/6/1/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453171
LB  - CDLI:P453171
M1  - 2026/10/27/
TI  - Edinburgh 31 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453171
ER  -