Edinburgh 25 (P453145)

Legal tablet excavated in Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Cite

Photo

Lineart

Museum Collection(s)

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Number

NMS A.1909.405.31

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

47.0 mm × 37.0 mm × 19.0 mm

Text

tablet
obverse
1. _igi#_ ri-sza#-tum#
2. _{disz}dumu-munus_ e-ri-bu-um
3. u3 {d}utu-um-ma-ti
4. szi-bu an-nu-tu-un
5. sza mah#-ri-szu-nu
6. {disz}a-na-{d}na-bi-um-tak2-la-ku
7. a-na lu2-{d}ba-ba6
8. ki-a-am iq-bu-u2
9. um-ma szu-u2-ma
reverse
1. i-nu-ma {disz}i3-li2-tu-ra-am
2. i-na la sze-e
3. i-ri-iq-qu2
4. a-na i-ia-szi-im-ma
single ruling
blank space
5. _[iti bara2]-za3-gar u4 2(u) 4(disz)-kam_
6. _[mu] {uruda#}ki-lugal-gub_
seal 1
1. [...]
2. dumu#-[munus ...]
3. geme2# [{d}...]

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Text content

Genre(s)	Legal
Language(s)	Akkadian

Chronology

Period	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Dates Referenced	Hammurapi.13.01.24
Accounting Period

Record

CDLI number	P453145
Permalink	https://cdli.network/entity/P453145

Physical information

Artifact type	Tablet
Dimensions	47.0 mm × 37.0 mm × 19.0 mm
Weight
Material(s)	Clay
Preservation	complete (Surface: Good)

Provenance

Provenience	Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) [uncertain]
Written In
Excavation Number
Findspot
Stratigraphic Level
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s)	National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Museum Number	NMS A.1909.405.31
Accession Number

References

primary: Edinburgh, 25

[Dalley1979Edinburgh] Dalley, Stephanie. 1979. A Catalogue of the Akkadian Cuneiform Tablets in the Collections of the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, with Copies of the Texts. Art & Archaeology 2. Edinburgh: The Royal Scottish Museum.

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status	Action
2022-08-13 at 13:32:07	Jagersma, Bram	Transliteration	Jagersma, Bram		CDLI	Approved
2013-06-27 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact metadata	Reid, Nicholas; Wagensonner, Klaus		CDLI	Approved

Cite this Artifacts

“Edinburgh 25 Artifact Entry.” 2013. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 27, 2013. https://cdli.earth/P453145.

Edinburgh 25 artifact entry (No. P453145). (2013, June 27). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453145

Edinburgh 25 artifact entry (2013) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453145 (Accessed: April 18, 2026).

@misc{2013Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-04-18]},
	year = {2013},
	month = {jun 27},
	title = {Edinburgh 25 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453145},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453145},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2013/6/27/
PY  - 2013
ID  - P453145
LB  - CDLI:P453145
M1  - 2026/4/18/
TI  - Edinburgh 25 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453145
ER  -

Cite this Artifacts

“Edinburgh 25 Artifact Entry.” 2013. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 27, 2013. https://cdli.earth/P453145.

Edinburgh 25 artifact entry (No. P453145). (2013, June 27). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453145

Edinburgh 25 artifact entry (2013) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453145 (Accessed: April 18, 2026).

@misc{2013Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-04-18]},
	year = {2013},
	month = {jun 27},
	title = {Edinburgh 25 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453145},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453145},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2013/6/27/
PY  - 2013
ID  - P453145
LB  - CDLI:P453145
M1  - 2026/4/18/
TI  - Edinburgh 25 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453145
ER  -