Edinburgh 15 (P453132)

Legal tablet excavated in Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Metadata / catalogue

Flat catalogue

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Expanded catalogue

As JSON

Linked catalogue

As TTL As JSON-LD As RDF/JSON As RDF/XML

Text / annotations

Text data

As ATF As JTF

Linked annotations

As TTL As JSON-LD As RDF/JSON As RDF/XML

Related publications

As CSV As BibTeX

Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

As CSV

Photo

Lineart

Museum Collection(s)

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Museum Number

NMS A.1909.405.29

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

89.0 mm × 50.0 mm × 25.0 mm

Has seal impression(s)

Text

tablet
obverse
1. [1(disz)] _{uruda}szen_ sza 2(ban2)
2. 1(disz) _{na4}ur5 ad-bar_
3. 1(disz) _{na4}ur5 gisz-ba_
4. 2(disz) _gesz-nu2 hi-a {gesz}asal2_
5. 6(disz) _{gesz}gu-za hi-a_
6. 1(disz) _{gi}pisan szu-i_
7. 1(disz) _{gi}pisan zu2-kesz2#?_
8. 1(disz) _{gi}pisan-dub_
9. 1(disz) _{gi}pisan-szu-sar_
10. 1(disz) _{gesz}banszur sag-du_
11. 1(disz) _gesz-um#-da#-bi-bu#
12. 1(disz) {gesz}ga-an#-nu#-um
13. 1(disz) _{gesz}giri3-gub_
14. 1(disz) _szab zabar_
15. 1(disz) {na4}na za3-hi-li_
16. 1(disz) {gesz}um-ni-nu
17. _sza3-ba 1(disz) {na4}kiszib3 ka-gi-na
18. qa2-du _na4 hi-a_ sza qa2-ti-sza
19. 4(disz) _{gesz}dilim2 tur hi-a_
20. 1(disz) _dug_ al-lu-<ha>-rum re-qum
21. nu#-ma-tum sza {munus}be-le-es-su2-nu
22. _dumu-munus_ ib-ni-{d}mar-tu _dub-sar za3#-[ga]_
reverse
1. sza# a-na _e2_ i3-li2-u2-sa-ti _lu2-lunga_ sza x x
2. a-na ib-ni-{d}iszkur ma-ri-szu u2-sze-ri-bu#-ma
3. id-di-nu-szi-im
4. wa-ar-ki ib-ni-{d}iszkur ma-ru-szu
5. a-na szi-im-ti-szu il-li-ku
6. a-na i3-li2-u2-sa-ti asz-szum nu-ma-tim szu-a-ti szu-bu-lim
7. tup-pa-szu u2-sza-bi-lam-ma a-na pi2-i tup-pi2-szu
8. a-na {d}suen-na-di-in-szu-mi _dumu_ ib-ni-{d}mar-tu
9. ip-qi2-id
single ruling
10. _igi_ {d}utu-na-s,i-ir _ugula e2_ sza _e2_ {d}utu
11. _igi_ dingir-szu-ba-ni _dumu_ ha-da-an-szu-li-ik-szu-ud
12. _igi_ IB?-SZID/LUH-an-ka _lu2 x x (x) dumu_ da-a-tu-e2-mah
13. _igi_ dingir-szu-ib-ni _gala-mah dumu_ {d}alamusz-na-s,i-ir
14. _igi_ ta-ri-bu-sza _dumu#_ {d}suen-ma!-gir!
single ruling
blank space
15. _iti ab-e3 u4 1(disz)-kam_
16. _mu_ am-mi-di-ta-na _lugal-e {uruda}alan-alan-a-ni szud3-da ab-du-du-de3-a u3#? {d}lamma {d}lamma ku3-sig17 ku3#-[babbar e2-babbar]-ra-sze3 in-ne-en-ku4-[ra-a]_
seal 1
1. dingir-szu#-ib-ni-szu
2. dumu# {d}alamusz-na-s,i-ir
3. ARAD [...] x [x (x)]
seal 2
1. {d}na-bi-um-ma-[lik]
2. dub-sar#
3. dumu# [...]
(with caption:)
1'. _kiszib3_ ta-ri-bu-sza
seal 3
1. {d}na-bi-[um-ma-lik]
2. dub-[sar]
3. <dumu> a-da-an-szu-li-[ik-szu-ud]
4. ARAD {d}na#-[bi-um]
(with caption:)
1'. _kiszib3_ dingir-szu-ba-ni
seal 4
1. {d}nanna-ibila-[ma-an-szum2]
2. dumu# li-wi-[...]
3. ARAD# {d}AN-mar-[tu]

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Collections

National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

Physical Information

Artifact type: Tablet
Material: Clay
Measurements (mm): 89.0 high × 50.0 wide × 25.0 thick
Weight:
Artifact Preservation: complete
Condition Description:
Join Information:
Seal no.:
Seal information:
Artifact comments:

Text Information

Genre(s): Legal
Language(s): Akkadian

Related publications

primary: Edinburgh, 15

[Dalley1979Edinburgh] Dalley, Stephanie. 1979. A Catalogue of the Akkadian Cuneiform Tablets in the Collections of the Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh, with Copies of the Texts. Art & Archaeology 2. Edinburgh: The Royal Scottish Museum.
history: Iraq 42 (pp. 53-74), 68-69

[Dalley1980Iraq42] Dalley, Stephanie. 1980. “Old Babylonian Dowries.” Iraq 42 (1): 53–74.
history: Hammurabi's Gesetz 6, no. 1736

[Koschaker1923HG6] Koschaker, Paul, and Arthur Ungnad. 1923. Hammurabi’s Gesetz. Band VI: Übersetzte Urkunden Mit Rechtserläuterungen. Leipzig: Eduard Pfeiffer.
history: PSBA 33, pl. 29

[Langdon1911PSBA33] Langdon, Stephen H. 1911. Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology 33.
history: AfO Beih 23, p. 125

[Westbrook1988MarriageLaw] Westbrook, Raymond. 1988. Old Babylonian Marriage Law. Vol. 23. Archiv Für Orientforschung. Beiheft. Horn, Austria: Ferdinand Berger & Söhne.

Identifiers

Composite No.:
Museum No.: NMS A.1909.405.29
Accession No.:

Provenience

Provenience: Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) [uncertain]
Elevation:
Stratigraphic Level:
Excavation No:
Findspot Square:
Findspot Comments:

Chronology

Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Dates Referenced: Ammi-ditana.23.10.01
Alternative Years:
Date Comments:
Accounting Period:

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Reviewer	Status
2024-09-05 at 13:33:52	Firth, Richard	Artifact metadata, Other metadata	Firth, Richard	Firth, Richard	Approved
2024-06-06 at 10:06:38	Firth, Richard	Artifact metadata, Other metadata	Firth, Richard	Firth, Richard	Approved
2024-06-01 at 19:04:15	Firth, Richard	Artifact metadata, Other metadata	Firth, Richard	Firth, Richard	Approved
2022-08-12 at 14:42:48	Jagersma, Bram	Transliteration	Jagersma, Bram	CDLI	Approved
2013-06-27 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact metadata	Reid, Nicholas; Wagensonner, Klaus	CDLI	Approved

External Resources

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

There is no external resource for this artifact yet.

Seals

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal	Provenience	Period	Date
dummy composite seal for unidentified seals (P533185)	-	-

Notes

General Notes: -

CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifacts

“Edinburgh 15 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). September 5, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453132.

Edinburgh 15 artifact entry (No. P453132). (2024, September 5). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453132 (Original work published 2013)

Edinburgh 15 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453132 (Accessed: March 10, 2026).

@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-03-10]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {sep 5},
	title = {Edinburgh 15 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453132},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453132},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/9/5/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453132
LB  - CDLI:P453132
M1  - 2026/3/10/
TI  - Edinburgh 15 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453132
ER  -

Cite this Artifacts

“Edinburgh 15 Artifact Entry.” (2013) 2024. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). September 5, 2024. https://cdli.earth/P453132.

Edinburgh 15 artifact entry (No. P453132). (2024, September 5). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P453132 (Original work published 2013)

Edinburgh 15 artifact entry (2024) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P453132 (Accessed: March 10, 2026).

@misc{2024Edinburgh,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-03-10]},
	year = {2024},
	month = {sep 5},
	title = {Edinburgh 15 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P453132},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P453132},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2024/9/5/
PY  - 2024
ID  - P453132
LB  - CDLI:P453132
M1  - 2026/3/10/
TI  - Edinburgh 15 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P453132
ER  -