Nbk. 004 (P405045)

Purchase and sale contracts tablet excavated in Babylon (mod. Bābil), dated to the Achaemenid (547-331 BC) period and now kept in British Museum, London, UK

Metadata / catalogue

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Text / annotations

Text data

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Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

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Museum Collection(s)

British Museum, London, UK

Museum Number

BM 031508

Period

Achaemenid (547-331 BC)

Provenience

Babylon (mod. Bābil)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Business / Contracts > Purchase and sale contracts (Sale)

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

-

Has seal impression(s)

  • Artifact type: Tablet
  • Material: Clay
  • Measurements (mm):
  • Weight:
  • Artifact Preservation:
  • Condition Description:
  • Join Information:
  • Seal no.:
  • Seal information:
  • Artifact comments:


  • primary: Nbk., 004

    [Strassmaier1889Nbk] Strassmaier, Johann N. 1889. Inschriften von Nabuchodonosor, König von Babylon 604-561 v.Chr. von Den Thontafeln Des Britischen Museums. Germany: Verlag von E. Pfeiffer.

  • history: Nisaba 28, no. 107

    [Altavilla2016Nisaba28] Altavilla, Stefania, and Christopher B. F. Walker. 2016. Late Babylonian Seal Impressions on Tablets in the British Museum: Part 2: Babylon and Its Vicinity. Nisaba 28. Messina : Di.Sc.A.M.

  • history: Nebukadnezar III/IV, p. 90

    [Lorenz2008NebukadnezarIII/IV] Lorenz, Jürgen. 2008. Nebukadnezar III/IV : Die Politischen Wirren Nach Dem Tod Des Kambyses Im Spiegel Der Keilschrifttexte. Dresden : ISLET-Verlag.

  • history: Strassmaier Liv., Liv. 136

    [Strassmaier1885Liverpool] Strassmaier, Johann N. 1885. “Die Babylonischen Inscriften Im Museum Zu Liverpool Nebst Anderen Aus Der Zeit von Nebukadnezzar Bis Darius.” Actes Du 6e Congrès International Des Orientalistes, 569–624, plates 1-176.

  • Composite No.:
  • Museum No.: BM 031508
  • Accession No.: 1876-11-17, 1235

  • Provenience: Babylon (mod. Bābil)
  • Elevation:
  • Stratigraphic Level:
  • Excavation No:
  • Findspot Square:
  • Findspot Comments:

  • Period: Achaemenid (547-331 BC)
  • Period Comments:

    Nbk III

  • Dates Referenced: Nebuchadnezzar3.acc.07.20
  • Alternative Years:
  • Date Comments:
  • Accounting Period:

Created Creator Type Authors Project Reviewer Status Action
2025-11-28 at 17:03:20 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-08-26 at 09:31:41 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-08-08 at 13:46:25 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-08-08 at 12:39:21 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-06-03 at 14:33:39 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-06-03 at 14:32:39 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-05-29 at 12:46:19 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-05-26 at 19:03:17 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-05-20 at 13:14:58 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-02-07 at 19:33:29 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2025-02-03 at 15:35:51 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2024-12-06 at 17:11:56 Firth, Richard Artifact Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2024-10-25 at 07:37:50 Alstola, Tero Artifact Alstola, Tero; Leinonen, Linda; Ong, Matthew; Salmi, Senja Neo Babylonian Cuneiform Corpus Project Pagé-Perron, Émilie approved View
2024-09-21 at 13:33:43 Firth, Richard Artifact, Other Entity Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2024-06-19 at 09:45:08 Firth, Richard Artifact, Other Entity Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2024-06-19 at 09:27:57 Firth, Richard Artifact, Other Entity Firth, Richard Firth, Richard approved View
2023-08-19 at 13:19:51 Rattenborg, Rune Artifact Rattenborg, Rune; Smidt, Gustav Ryberg Geomapping Landscapes of Writing Rattenborg, Rune approved View
2023-01-21 at 08:02:28 Pagé-Perron, Émilie Artifact Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie Electronic Babylonian Library Pagé-Perron, Émilie approved View
2010-04-02 at 00:00:00 CDLI Artifact Fitzgerald, Madeleine CDLI approved View

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

This artifact is impressed by the following seal(s):

Seal Provenience Period Date
CDLI Seals 026916 (composite) (P573167) Babylon (mod. Bābil) Achaemenid (547-331 BC)

General Notes: -
CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifact

“Nbk. 004 Artifact Entry.” (2010) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). November 28, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P405045.
Nbk. 004 artifact entry (No. P405045). (2025, November 28). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P405045 (Original work published 2010)
Nbk. 004 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P405045 (Accessed: November 29, 2025).
@misc{2025Nbk,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-11-29]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {nov 28},
	title = {Nbk. 004 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P405045},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P405045},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/11/28/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P405045
LB  - CDLI:P405045
M1  - 2025/11/29/
TI  - Nbk. 004 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P405045
ER  - 

Cite this Artifact

“Nbk. 004 Artifact Entry.” (2010) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). November 28, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P405045.
Nbk. 004 artifact entry (No. P405045). (2025, November 28). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P405045 (Original work published 2010)
Nbk. 004 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P405045 (Accessed: November 29, 2025).
@misc{2025Nbk,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2025-11-29]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {nov 28},
	title = {Nbk. 004 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P405045},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P405045},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/11/28/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P405045
LB  - CDLI:P405045
M1  - 2025/11/29/
TI  - Nbk. 004 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P405045
ER  - 
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