CTN 4, 222 (P274505)

Lexical tablet excavated in Kalhu (mod. Nimrūd), dated to the Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC) period and now kept in National Museum of Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

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Text / annotations

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Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

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Museum Collection(s)

National Museum of Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

Museum Number

IM 067545

Period

Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)

Provenience

Kalhu (mod. Nimrūd)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Lexical (ms 5)

Language(s)

Akkadian

Measurements

88.0 mm × 120.0 mm

Text

tablet
= ND 4322; collated by D. Foxvog & after photos
obverse
column 1
beginning broken
1'. [...] = [lib]-bu#
2'. [...] = [...]
in 2nd sub col.: end of col. is uninscribed, probably = blank line
3'. [...] = [...]
in 2nd sub col.: end of col. is uninscribed, probably = blank line
4'. [...] = [...]
in 2nd sub col.: end of col. is uninscribed, probably = blank line
5'. [...] = ga#-bi-du
6'. [a-mu]-tu# = <(ga#-bi-du)>
7'. sar?#-qa2#-tu# = ku-uk-ku5-ru
in 1st sub col.: szar?# = possible winkelhaken & 2+ horizontal wedges above UG in l. 8'
8'. ku#-uk#-ku5#-rum = ri#-qi2-tum
9'. ku-uk-ku5-rum = mi-sis-sa-am
10'. qu-qu-ba-tu = qu-qu#-ba-nu sza2 SZAH
11'. su-ru-um-mu = ir-ru ga-mir-tum
12'. ban-dil-lum = kar-szu
in 2nd sub col.: SZU may have 2 final vertical wedges, written disz&disz
13'. nam#-sza2-szu = <(kar-szu)>
in 1st sub col. photo shows NAM, contra CTN 4 copy
14'. s,e-e-rum = e-s,e-en-s,e-ru
15'. ab-bu-u = nam-masz-szu-u2
16'. tu-ga-gu = <(nam-masz-szu-u2)>
17'. tir#-ku-ul-lu = <(nam-masz-szu-u2)>
in 1st sub col.: photo shows that 1st sign begins with 1 visible winkelhaken, contra CTN 4 copy
18'. a-szu-u2 = bu-u2-lum
19'. sa-asz-du = <(bu-u2-lum)>
20'. gu-ub-rum = <(bu-u2-lum)>
21'. da-ap-pa-nu = a-szu-u2 aq-rum
22'. as-lum = im-me-rum
23'. gu-uk-kal-lum = <(im-me-rum)>
24'. pa-si-lu = <(im-me-rum)>
25'. s,u-up-pu = <(im-me-rum)>
26'. su-lu-hu-u = <(im-me-rum)>
27'. zi-ir-qu = <(im-me-rum)>
28'. sza#-a-u5 = <(im-me-rum)>
29'. szu-'-u2 = <(im-me-rum)>
30'. szu#-a#-tu = lah3-rum
31'. szu#-a-tu = su-gul2-lum
32'. szu-a-tu = s,e-e-nu
33'. ia-ra-ah#-hu = gu-uk-kal-lum
34'. s,a-a-nu = s,e-e-nu
35'. am-zu = en-zu
36'. da#-asz2-szu = ki-iz-zu
37'. bu#-'-rum = bu-u2-rum
38'. [x]-bu-u = pa-la-ku
in 1st sub col. perhaps read: [he]-pu-u 'break/cut', [ra]-bu-u 'become big', [sza]-pu-u 'thick (said of animal hides)'; in 2nd sub col.: final sign clearly resembles KU, hence derive < pal=aqu 'slaughter', or perhaps read: pa-la-szu!(KU) 'gore'?
39'. [szu]-u2#-ru = al-pu
40'. [lu]-u2 = <(al-pu)>
41'. [s,a-ar]-hu = mu-u2-rum
42'. [ha-ra]-du# = sir2#-ri-mu
43'. [...] = [i-me]-rum
44'. [...] = [a-ga]-lum#
45'. [...] = [s,a-bi]-tum#
rest broken
column 2
beginning broken
1'. na#-[a-lu] = [...]
2'. la#-ab#-[bu] = [...]
3'. u3-[mu] = [...]
4'. lu-u2# = [...]
5'. bit-ra-am = sze#-[lip-pu-u?]
6'. a-a-ar i-lu = hur#-[...]
7'. la-ma-at-tu = kul-ba#-[bu]
8'. tu-sza2-rum = s,e-e#-[rum]
9'. tu-sza2-rum = la-ban ap#-[pi]
in 2nd sub col.: ap?# = 2(+) staggered horizontal wedge head at right break
10'. ba-a-lu# = <(la-ban ap#-[pi])>
11'. tar-si-tum# = ik-ri-bu#
12'. at-nu = <(ik-ri-bu#)>
13'. sar-du-u2 = ka-ra-bu#
14'. tar-si-tum = tes2-li-tum#
15'. tar-si-tum = su-ul-lu-u
16'. re-e-mu = nap-szu-rum#
in 2nd sub col.: 1st sign is NAB not TUR, contra CTN 4 copy
17'. ti-ra-nu = ta-a-rum#
18'. sza3-gur-ru-u = <(ta-a-rum#)>
19'. kisz-szu!# = <(ta-a-rum#)>
in 1st sub col.: szu!# may be written over erasure, possibly ASZ
20'. ti-ra-nu = mu-us-ta#-rum#
in 1st sub col.: NU may be written over erasure
21'. i-te-lu-u2 = sa-ha#-rum#
22'. a-nim-mu-u2 = sa-li#-mu#
23'. ni-i-rum = un-ni-nu
24'. un-ni-nu = re-e-mu
25'. ti-ra-nu = <(re-e-mu)>
26'. nak-ru-t,u = <(re-e-mu)>
27'. nap-lu-su = <(re-e-mu)>
28'. ti-ni-nu = <(re-e-mu)>
29'. ta-as-li-tum = <(re-e-mu)>
30'. e-pe-qu = <(re-e-mu)>
31'. a-za-ru = <(re-e-mu)>
32'. a-za-ru = ka-a-szu#
in 2nd sub col.: 2nd sign is clear A not ZA, contra CTN 4 copy
33'. ha-a-bu = ra-'-a-mu
in 2nd sub col.: 2nd sign is clear aleph, contra CTN 4 copy
34'. mi-nu-u = <(ra-'-a-mu)>
in 1st sub col.: MI has 1 initial winkelhaken not 2, contra CTN 4 copy
35'. un-na-a-nu = ra-'-ma#-nu
36'. ha-na-bu = hi-du-tum
in 2nd sub col.: 2nd sign is DU not DA, contra CTN 4 copy
37'. ha-ba-s,u2? = hu-bur-tum
in 1st sub col.: 3rd sign resembles ZU, but it may be T,U
38'. ha-sza2-szu = <(hu-bur-tum)>
in 1st sub col.: 3rd sign is SZU not MA/BA, contra CTN 4 copy
39'. ma-le-e ul-s,i = na-sze-e ul-s,i
in 2nd sub col.: S,I so CTN 4 copy, not visible in photos
40'. pe-su-u2 = ha-du-u
41'. i-szu-tu = hi-du-tu
42'. hu-ta-du-szu = <(hi-du-tu)>
43'. i-si-iq i3-li2 = <(hi-du-tu)>
in 1st sub col.: signs 1 & 2 are I & SI not MA & PA, contra CTN 4 copy
44'. szu#-par2-su-hu = <(hi-du-tu)>
in 1st sub col.: 3rd sign is SU, with 2 final horizontal wedges, not SZU, contra CTN 4 copy
45'. [szul]-lu#-qu# = szi-tah-hu#-[hu]
46'. [...] = e#-di#-ru#
rest broken
reverse
column 1
beginning broken
1'. mi-nu#-u# = [...]
2'. mi-nu-u# = x-x-[x-x?]
3'. mi-nu-u# = la#-lu#-u#
in 2nd sub col.: so photo
4'. mi-nu-u = ni#-isz# i#-ni?#
in 2nd sub col.: so photo; ni?# = lower oblique wedge? + 1+ horizontal wedge(s)?
5'. mi-nu-u = ni#-sza2?#-tu?#
in 2nd sub col. photo unclear
6'. ul gu-nu-u = <(ni#-sza2?#-tu?#)>
7'. na-s,a-bu# = me-su-u?#
8'. a-ma-x = ti-ik-x
in 1st sub col.; 3rd sign indistinct; perhaps read: a-ma-lu?# 'goddess', a-ma-ru?# 'see/behold', a-ma-s,u?# '... of eyes'; in 2nd sub col. perhaps read: ti-iq-qu?# 'flashing of eyes', ti-ik-nu?# 'jewelry/ornament'
9'. ub-bu-bu?# = <(ti-ik-x)>
in 1st sub col.: 1st sign is UB not NU, contra CTN 4 copy
10'. si-li-lu?# = ri-sza2-a-[tu?]
in 1st sub col.: lu?# = initial horizontal wedge head, may be LA; derive < Sum. asila?
11'. szu-lu-lu# = <(ri-sza2-a-[tu?])>
12'. he-lu-u# = <(ri-sza2-a-[tu?])>
13'. i-lu-u = sza2?# ti-gu-u2?#
in 2nd sub col.: 1st sign is not 2(disz), could be ZA, HA or PI
14'. szum-mu-nu = ra-a-[szu?]
15'. bu-un-nu-nu = <(ra-a-[szu?])>
16'. ha#-na-bu = <(ra-a-[szu?])>
17'. su#-su-u = ha-na-bu sza2 [SIKI?]
in 1st sub col.: derive reading. < Sum. su3-su3, esp. in sense of growing hair, hence possible restoration in 2nd sub col.?
18'. nak-ru-t,u = ma#-ga-rum#
19'. nak-ru-t,u = na#-as#-hu-rum
20'. a-ma-nu = ma-ga-rum
21'. la-ma-nu = <(ma-ga-rum)>
22'. e-ma-nu = mi#-ig-rum!
in 2nd sub col.: rum! = NU, in which the crossing oblique wedge may be a crack
23'. le-em-ma = la# ma#-ga#-rum
24'. il#-la-a-a = le?#-[em?-mu?]
25'. i-mu-nu-usz = x-[...]
26'. ha-a-tu = [...]
27'. it-u2-du# = [...]
28'. si-liq-qu# = [...]
29'. nar3-bu-[u] = [...]
30'. mu#-'#-[u] = [...]
rest broken
column 2
beginning broken
1'. [...]-x = [...]
2'. x-x-lum?# = ...
3'. x-x-u?# = ...
4'. x-x-ru?# = ...
5'. UD?#-KA#-BAR = a-na-ku
in 1st sub col.: UD?# may be surface cracks, though wedge-like
6'. ri#-ik#-su# = un-qu
7'. x-x-ku? = <(un-qu)>
8'. x-x-tum = <(un-qu)>
9'. kam#-kam-ma-tum sza2 SI = <(un-qu)>
10'. si?#-mir#-tum = HAR sza2 GISZ-tum
in 1st sub col: si?# = lower horizontal wedge + final vertical wedge; in 2nd sub col.: GISZ may be a slightly miswritten QA
11'. HAR?# sza2?# ku#-nu-ku = sa-ma-rum
in 1st sub col.: HAR?# = 1+ horizontal wedge tail(s) + vertical wedge?; sza?# = vertical wedge?
12'. x-x-x?#-szu#-u2# = <(sa-ma-rum)>
in 1st sub col. perhaps read: NA4?# har?#-du8?#-szu#-u2# < Sum. NA4-HAR-DU8-SZI-A?
13'. x-x?#-x GISZ = <(sa-ma-rum)>
14'. na?#-a?#-tum# = nim#-gal-lum
in 1st sub col.: na?# has basic shape, but is unclear in photo; a?# may be SZA2; in 2nd sub col.: derive entry < niggallu 'sickle', var. nimgallu?
15'. s,i#-is,?#-s,u?# = <(nim#-gal-lum)>
in 1st sub col.: 2nd sign is unclear; s,u?# may be TUM
16'. szu#-luh#-hu-u = nim#-su-u
17'. ba-an szip-ri = <(nim#-su-u)>
18'. szu-usz-ga-ru-u = <(nim#-su-u)>
19'. bur#-szal-lu-u = ka-a-su
20'. mu-s,ar#-risz-tum = <(ka-a-su)>
21'. e-pi-ir-ru = <(ka-a-su)>
22'. e-rim-ma-tum = <(ka-a-su)>
23'. sa#-a#-bu = e-rim-ma-tum
in 1st sub col.: 1st 2 signs partially encrusted & obscured
24'. s,ip-rum = ku-nu-uk-ku
25'. ar2-zal-lum# = NA4-ZALAG#
26'. ar2#-zal-lum# = it#-ta-[mir]
27'. szi#-ik#-ka#-tum# = im#-bu-'?#-u#
in 2nd sub col.: '?# = possible remnants of winkelhakens before surface gouge
28'. x-x?#-x = ma-suk-tum#
in 1st sub col.: 1st x = lower? horizontal wedge; 3rd x seems to end in 2+ horizontal wedge tails; perhaps read: ur?#-s,u?#
29'. x-[...] = <(ma-suk-tum#)>
30'. [...] = na-a-du sza2 t,e3-t,i
31'. [...] = na#-ru-u#
32'. [...] = [a]-su#-mit-tum#
33'. [...] = [x-x] szu#-mi#
34'. [...] = [szu]-mi?# zak?#-ru#
in 2nd sub col.: mi?# & zak?# may be surface cracks/scratches at point of bottom break, but seem to resemble wedges
(ruling?)
35'. [...] = [szi?]-pa?#-[a?-tum?]
in 2nd sub col.: pa?# = remnants of a vertical wedge crossed by 1+ horizontal wedge(s)
rest broken

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)
Consult word list of Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)

Collections

National Museum of Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

Physical Information

Artifact type: Tablet
Material: Clay
Measurements (mm): 88.0 high × 120.0 wide
Weight:
Artifact Preservation: 50%
Condition Description:
Join Information:
Seal no.:
Seal information:
Artifact comments:

Text Information

Genre(s): Lexical (ms 5)
Language(s): Akkadian

Related publications

primary: CTN 4, 222

[Wiseman1996CTN4] Wiseman, Donald J., and Jeremy A. Black. 1996. Literary Texts from the Temple of Nabû. Cuneiform Texts from Nimrud 4. London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq.

Identifiers

Composite No.:
Museum No.: IM 067545
Accession No.:

Provenience

Provenience: Kalhu (mod. Nimrūd) Provenience Comments:
Nabu Temple
Elevation:
Stratigraphic Level:
Excavation No: ND 04322
Findspot Square: SEB XIII? (= NTS 13)
Findspot Comments:

Chronology

Period: Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)
Dates Referenced:
Alternative Years:
Date Comments:
Accounting Period:

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status
2023-06-15 at 20:22:28	Rattenborg, Rune	Artifact metadata	Rattenborg, Rune	Geomapping Landscapes of Writing	Rattenborg, Rune	Approved
2023-06-01 at 09:44:24	Rattenborg, Rune	Artifact metadata	Novotny, Jamie; Rattenborg, Rune		Rattenborg, Rune	Approved
2023-01-21 at 07:48:15	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Artifact metadata	Földi, Zsombor J.; Jiménez, Enrique; Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Electronic Babylonian Library	Pagé-Perron, Émilie	Approved
2017-10-27 at 09:15:01	Englund, Robert K.	Transliteration	CDLI		CDLI	Approved
2008-05-26 at 04:50:54	Englund, Robert K.	Transliteration	Englund, Robert K.		CDLI	Approved
2005-09-02 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact metadata	CDLI		CDLI	Approved

External Resources

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

Electronic Babylonian Library (IM.67545) (IM.67545)
Digital Corpus of Cuneiform Lexical Texts (P274505) (P274505)
Ancient Records of Middle Eastern Polities (P274505) (P274505)

Notes

General Notes: -

CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifacts

“CTN 4, 222 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 15, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P274505.

CTN 4, 222 artifact entry (No. P274505). (2023, June 15). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P274505 (Original work published 2005)

CTN 4, 222 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P274505 (Accessed: March 5, 2026).

@misc{2023CTN,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-03-05]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {jun 15},
	title = {CTN 4, 222 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P274505},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P274505},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/6/15/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P274505
LB  - CDLI:P274505
M1  - 2026/3/5/
TI  - CTN 4, 222 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P274505
ER  -

Cite this Artifacts

“CTN 4, 222 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). June 15, 2023. https://cdli.earth/P274505.

CTN 4, 222 artifact entry (No. P274505). (2023, June 15). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P274505 (Original work published 2005)

CTN 4, 222 artifact entry (2023) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P274505 (Accessed: March 5, 2026).

@misc{2023CTN,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-03-05]},
	year = {2023},
	month = {jun 15},
	title = {CTN 4, 222 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P274505},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P274505},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2023/6/15/
PY  - 2023
ID  - P274505
LB  - CDLI:P274505
M1  - 2026/3/5/
TI  - CTN 4, 222 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P274505
ER  -