EA 160 (P271022)

Letter tablet excavated in Akhetaten (mod. el-Amarna), dated to the Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC) period and now kept in Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation

Metadata / catalogue

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Text / annotations

Text data

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Related publications

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Chemical Data

Seal Chemistry

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Lineart

Museum Collection(s)

Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation

Museum Number

PM 1,25,1574

Period

Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)

Provenience

Akhetaten (mod. el-Amarna)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Letter

Language(s)

Middle Babylonian peripheral

Measurements

Text

tablet
obverse
1. [a-na] _lugal_-ri _gal_-bi _en#_-[ia]
2. [um]-ma# {disz}a-zi-ri _{lu2}ARAD2_-[ka-ma]
3. 7(disz)#-szu u3 7(disz)-szu a-na _giri3#-[mesz en_-ia]
4. _dingir_-ia u3 {d}utux(ERIM)-ia am-qut#
single ruling
5. _en_-ia _dingir_-ia {d}utux(ERIM)-ia
6. a-na-ku _{lu2}ARAD2_-ka u3 _dumu-mesz_-ia
7. u3 _szesz-mesz_-ia _lu2-mesz ARAD2_-tu4
8. sza _lugal_-ri _en_-ia a-di da2-ri-ti
single ruling
9. a-nu-um-ma gab2-bi mi-ri-isz-te-_mesz_
10. sza _lugal en_-ia u2-sze-esz-sze-er
11. u3 sza it-ta-as,-s,i2
12. isz#-tu _uzu-ka_ pi2-i
13. _lugal en_-ia u2-sze-esz-sze-er
single ruling
14. a-nu-um-ma 8(disz) _{gesz}ma2-mesz#_ u3# _{gesz#?}taskarin-nu-mesz_
15. u3 _gesz-mesz gal_-bu-tum# [...] be#?-nu#
16. gab2-bi sza it-ta#-[as,-s,i2]
17. isz-tu _uzu-ka#_ [pi2-i]
18. _lugal_-ri _en_-ia# [_dingir_-ia u3? {d}utux(ERIM)-ia]
19. [a]-na#-ku lu-u2 [u2-sze-esz-sze-er?]
single ruling
20. [u3?] _lugal_-ri [_en_-ia]
reverse
1. [x] i-qa2-ab-[bi]
2. [x] ta#-ba2-an-ni# [...]
3. [x]-ra#-am sza _en#_-[ia]
4. u3 _lugal-mesz kur_ nu-ha-[asz-sze]
5. na#-ak-ru-nim it-ti#-ia#
6. u3 la u2-ba2-an-ni-szi
7. _iri_ s,u-mu-ri i-na _mu-kam#_-ma
8. a-ba2-an-ni# _iri_ s,u2-mu-ri
9. _en_-ia a-na-ku _{lu2}ARAD2_-ka a-di da2-ri-ti
10. u3 _lugal_ a-na _lu2-mesz#_ sa-ar-ru-ti
11. sza# i#-kal2#-lu-u2-nim kar3-s,i-ia
12. a#-[na pa]-ni# _en_-ia la te-sze-em-mi
single ruling
13. u3 _lugal_-ru _en_-ia _dingir_-ia u3 {d}utux(ERIM)-ia
14. _lu2-dumu-kin_-ri-szu li-isz-pur-ra-am
15. it-ti _lu2-dumu-kin#_-ri#-ia
16. u3 li-il-qe3#? [(x)] gab2-bi#
17. sza i-qa2-ab-bi _lugal# [en?_-ia?]
single ruling
18. _en_-ia i-na-an-na [...]
19. [ki]-i-me-e u2-ba2-[an-ni _iri?_ sza?]
20. [_lugal] en_-ia _dingir_-ia# [u3? {d}utux(ERIM)-ia]
single ruling
21. [u3] _lugal#_-ru _en_-ia [_lu2-dumu-kin_-ri-ka?]
22. [it]-ti _lu2-dumu-kin_-[ri-ia?]
23. [i-na] ha-mut-isz usz-sze-ra-am
24. [u3] bi-il-ta-szu sza _lugal en_-ia u2-bal#
single ruling

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)
Consult word list of Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)

Collections

Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation

Physical Information

Artifact type: Tablet
Material: Clay
Measurements (mm):
Weight:
Artifact Preservation:
Condition Description:
Join Information:
Seal no.:
Seal information:
Artifact comments:

Text Information

Genre(s): Letter
Language(s): Middle Babylonian peripheral

Related publications

primary: Izre'el 1995 Pushken, 145-151

[Izre'el1995] Izre’el, Shlomo. 1995. “Amarna Tablets in the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow,” Journal for Semitics, 7 (2): 125–61.
primary: EA, EA 160

[Knudtzon1915EA] Knudtzon, Jørgen A. 1915. Die El-Amarna-Tafeln. Leipzig : J. C. Hinrichs.
history: Amurru, p. 28ff (transliteration, translation)

[Izre'el1991Amurru] Izre’el, Shlomo. 1991. Amurru Akkadian : A Linguistic Study. Vol. 41. Harvard Semitic Studies. Atlanta, Ga. : Scholars Press.
history: Moran Amarna letters, p. 246-247 (translation) [1992]

[Moran1992Amarna] Moran, William L. 1992. The Amarna Letters. Baltimore ; London : Johns Hopkins University Press.
history: WA, 34a (copy)

[Winckler1889ElArmana] Winckler, Hugo, and Ludwig Abel. 1889. Der Thontafelfund von El Amarna. W. Spemann, Berlin.

Identifiers

Composite No.:
Museum No.: PM 1,25,1574
Accession No.: Golenishev c

Provenience

Provenience: Akhetaten (mod. el-Amarna)
Elevation:
Stratigraphic Level:
Excavation No:
Findspot Square:
Findspot Comments:

Chronology

Period: Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)
Dates Referenced:
Alternative Years:
Date Comments:
Accounting Period:

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status
2025-09-07 at 08:41:11	de Ridder, Jacob Jan	Artifact	de Ridder, Jacob Jan		de Ridder, Jacob Jan	approved
2025-09-07 at 08:40:49	de Ridder, Jacob Jan	Artifact	de Ridder, Jacob Jan		de Ridder, Jacob Jan	approved
2024-07-10 at 18:57:13	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-10 at 18:51:52	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-10 at 18:44:23	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-10 at 18:15:14	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-10 at 10:42:48	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-10 at 10:40:37	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2024-07-01 at 13:31:10	Firth, Richard	Artifact, Other Entity	Firth, Richard		Firth, Richard	approved
2023-06-15 at 19:55:18	Rattenborg, Rune	Artifact	Rattenborg, Rune	Geomapping Landscapes of Writing	Rattenborg, Rune	approved
2023-05-31 at 20:37:46	Rattenborg, Rune	Artifact	Novotny, Jamie; Rattenborg, Rune		Rattenborg, Rune	approved
2013-03-20 at 09:46:23	Englund, Robert K.	Atf	Englund, Robert K.		CDLI	approved
2005-05-23 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact	Johnson, J. Cale		CDLI	approved

External Resources

Consult this artifact as presented on the website of collections and projects:

The Amarna Texts (P271022) (P271022)
Ancient Records of Middle Eastern Polities (P271022) (P271022)

Notes

General Notes: -

CDLI Notes: -

Cite this Artifact

“EA 160 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). September 7, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P271022.

EA 160 artifact entry (No. P271022). (2025, September 7). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P271022 (Original work published 2005)

EA 160 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P271022 (Accessed: January 3, 2026).

@misc{2025EA,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-03]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {sep 7},
	title = {EA 160 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P271022},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P271022},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/9/7/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P271022
LB  - CDLI:P271022
M1  - 2026/1/3/
TI  - EA 160 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P271022
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“EA 160 Artifact Entry.” (2005) 2025. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). September 7, 2025. https://cdli.earth/P271022.

EA 160 artifact entry (No. P271022). (2025, September 7). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P271022 (Original work published 2005)

EA 160 artifact entry (2025) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P271022 (Accessed: January 3, 2026).

@misc{2025EA,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-01-03]},
	year = {2025},
	month = {sep 7},
	title = {EA 160 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P271022},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P271022},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2025/9/7/
PY  - 2025
ID  - P271022
LB  - CDLI:P271022
M1  - 2026/1/3/
TI  - EA 160 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P271022
ER  -