CUSAS 43, 56 (P250663)

Business / Contracts tablet excavated in Uncertain (mod. uncertain), dated to the Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC) period and now kept in Schøyen Collection, Oslo, Norway

Cite

Photo

Photo (detail)

Museum Collection(s)

Schøyen Collection, Oslo, Norway

Museum Number

MS 1950/1

Period

Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Provenience

uncertain (mod. uncertain)

Artifact Type

Tablet

Material(s)

Clay

Genre / Subgenre(s)

Legal > Business / Contracts (sale contract)

Language(s)

Sumerian

Measurements

73.0 mm × 44.0 mm × 21.0 mm

Text

tablet
obverse
1. [...]
2. [... mu]-ni#-im#
3. [ki u-bar-ru]-um# gudu4
4. [{disz}]ip#-qu2-{d}iszkur
5. in#-szi-sa10
6. sa10 til-la-bi-sze3
7. in-na-la2
8. gesz-gan-na ib2-ta-bala
9. u4 sza3-gar-ra-bi ti-la-e-ne
10. sza3 gur la2-la2-de3
11. ganba gal tur-ra
12. ku3! szu bi2-in-szum2#
13. iri ra-ha-bu-um{ki}
14. {gesz}ig pesz2-bi du!0# [x?]
reverse
1. tesz2-sze3 lu2 lu2 tesz2 ba#?-[pa3?]-de3#
2. u4 kur2 lu2 lu2 nu-mu-un-gi4-<gi4>-de3
3. geme2-mu dumu-munus-mu dam-mu
4. nu-un-na-ab-be2-a
5. mu lugal-bi in-pa3
6. igi be-lum dumu dingir-dingir-dingir-sze-me-a
7. igi szu-{d}kab-ta dumu an?-ni-ia
8. igi be-la-nu-um dumu bu-la-lum
9. igi puzur4-{d}da-gan dub-sar
10. igi# zu?-ur2-zu-ru-um dumu isz-me-{d}isztaran
11. [igi ha]-zi-ru-um dumu i-din-{d}mar-tu
12. [igi x-x]-{d}a-a szu-i
13. [kiszib lu2-inim]-ma#-bi-mesz ib2-ra
rest broken
seal 1
1. dingir-dingir-dingir-[sze-me]-a
2. dumu [...]

Consult previous versions and their differences
Consult sign list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Consult word list of Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)

Text content

Genre(s)	Legal > Business / Contracts (sale contract)
Language(s)	Sumerian

Chronology

Period	Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Dates Referenced
Accounting Period

Record

20190714 spada: likely used as a model text to P250669 (CUSAS 43, 57), which is a school exercise

CDLI number	P250663
LOD URI	https://cdli.network/entity/P250663

Physical information

Artifact type	Tablet
Dimensions	73.0 mm × 44.0 mm × 21.0 mm
Weight
Material(s)	Clay
Preservation

Provenance

Provenience	uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Written In
Archive
Excavation Number
Findspot
Stratigraphic Level
Elevation

Collections

Collection(s)	Schøyen Collection, Oslo, Norway
Museum Number	MS 1950/1
Accession Number

References

primary: CUSAS 43, 56

[George2019CUSAS43] George, Andrew R., and Gabriella Spada. 2019. Old Babylonian Texts in the Schøyen Collection, Part Two: School Letters, Model Contracts, and Related Texts. Cornell University Studies in Assyriology and Sumerology (CUSAS) 43. University Park, Pennsylvania: Eisenbrauns.

Revisions and credits

Created	Creator	Type	Authors	Project	Reviewer	Status	Action
2020-09-12 at 12:46:25	Foxvog, Daniel A.	Transliteration	Foxvog, Daniel A.		CDLI	Approved
2004-12-15 at 00:00:00	CDLI	Artifact metadata	Bartash, Vitali; Dahl, Jacob L.; Foxvog, Daniel A.; Guerra, Dylan; Johnson, J. Cale; Stadhouders, Henry		CDLI	Approved

Cite this Artifact

“CUSAS 43, 56 Artifact Entry.” 2004. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). December 15, 2004. https://cdli.earth/P250663.

CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry (No. P250663). (2004, December 15). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P250663

CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry (2004) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P250663 (Accessed: May 2, 2026).

@misc{2004CUSAS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-02]},
	year = {2004},
	month = {dec 15},
	title = {CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P250663},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P250663},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2004/12/15/
PY  - 2004
ID  - P250663
LB  - CDLI:P250663
M1  - 2026/5/2/
TI  - CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P250663
ER  -

Cite this Artifact

“CUSAS 43, 56 Artifact Entry.” 2004. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). December 15, 2004. https://cdli.earth/P250663.

CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry (No. P250663). (2004, December 15). Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). https://cdli.earth/P250663

CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry (2004) Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Available at: https://cdli.earth/P250663 (Accessed: May 2, 2026).

@misc{2004CUSAS,
	note = {[Online; accessed 2026-05-02]},
	year = {2004},
	month = {dec 15},
	title = {CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry},
	url = {https://cdli.earth/P250663},
	howpublished = {https://cdli.earth/P250663},
}

TY  - ELEC
DA  - 2004/12/15/
PY  - 2004
ID  - P250663
LB  - CDLI:P250663
M1  - 2026/5/2/
TI  - CUSAS 43, 56 artifact entry
UR  - https://cdli.earth/P250663
ER  -