[{"id":249206,"designation":"AAICAB 1\/3, pl. 249, Bod S 307","museum_no":"Bod S 307","thickness":"25.0","height":"97.0","width":"54.0","is_provenience_uncertain":true,"dates_referenced":"\u0160\u016b-Suen.05.00.00","created_by":820,"publications":[{"id":277010834,"entity_id":249206,"publication_id":1785906,"exact_reference":". 249, Bod S 307","publication_type":"primary","table_name":"artifacts","publication":{"id":1785906,"designation":"AAICAB 1\/3","bibtexkey":"Gregoire2003-DVRP2NGT","year":"2003","entry_type_id":2,"address":"Paris","publisher":"Libraire orientaliste Paul Geuthner","title":"Archives administratives et inscriptions cun\u00e9iformes: Ashmolean Museum, Bodleian Collection, Oxford. Part 1\/3","series":"Contribution \u00e0 l\u0027histoire sociale, \u00e9conomique, politique et culturelle du Proche-Orient ancien.","entry_type":{"id":2,"label":"book"},"editors":[],"authors":[{"id":1255764,"publication_id":1785906,"author_id":644,"author":{"id":644,"author":"Gr\u00e9goire, Jean-Pierre","last":"Gr\u00e9goire","first":"Jean-Pierre"}}]}}],"material_colors":[],"material_aspects":[],"materials":[{"id":492400,"artifact_id":249206,"material_id":1,"material":{"id":1,"material":"clay"}}],"languages":[{"id":89867,"artifact_id":249206,"language_id":5,"language":{"id":5,"sequence":3,"language":"Sumerian","protocol_code":"sux-x-emegir","inline_code":"sux"}}],"genres":[{"id":104674,"artifact_id":249206,"genre_id":1,"comments":" ","genre":{"id":1,"genre":"Administrative"}}],"external_resources":[{"id":57532,"artifact_id":249206,"external_resource_id":1,"external_resource_key":"158150","external_resource":{"id":1,"external_resource":"Database of Neo-Sumerian Texts","base_url":"http:\/\/bdtns.cesga.es\/","project_url":"http:\/\/bdtns.cesga.es\/","abbrev":"BDTNS"}}],"dates":[{"id":66404,"artifact_id":249206,"date_id":157,"date":{"id":157,"day_no":"00","day_remarks":"day: 00\u00a0?;","month_id":42,"is_uncertain":true,"month_no":"00","year_id":23,"ruler_id":369,"year":{"id":23,"year_no":"05"}}}],"collections":[{"id":124307,"artifact_id":249206,"collection_id":1418,"collection":{"id":1418,"collection":"Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, UK","collection_url":"https:\/\/www.ashmolean.org\/ancient-near-east-0","slug":"ashmolean-museum","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eintroduction to the \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.ashmolean.org\/\u0022\u003EAshmolean Museum\u003C\/a\u003E collections of tablets and inscribed objects\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOutside the British Museum, the collection of ancient Near Eastern inscriptions and objects in the Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, is the largest and the most representative of its kind in the United Kingdom. Its value is further increased by the presence of the Bodleian Library\u0026rsquo;s collection of cuneiform tablets. The Ashmolean collection includes tablets allocated to the Museum after excavations by the Oxford-Field Museum Expedition to Kish, Iraq (1923-1933). They constitute the largest provenienced group within the collection. In addition, there are gifts and purchases of tablets, usually without reliable information on their original source.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStephen Langdon (Shillito Reader 1911-1937) did more than any other single person to develop the tablet collection. Langdon enjoyed the patronage of Herbert Weld-Blundell, who had traveled widely in Africa and the Middle East, and led an expedition to Persepolis in the late 19th Century. He presented his collection to the University in 1921-1922, and subsequently supported the Oxford-Field Museum Expedition to Kish, which Langdon directed. Langdon\u0026rsquo;s enduring legacy was the\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOxford Editions of Cuneiform Texts\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;(\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E) founded in 1923, in the first instance to publish the Weld-Blundell Collection in volumes 1-3, the latter undertaken by Godfrey Driver.\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;2 presented what subsequently became known as the \u0026ldquo;Weld-Blundell prism,\u0026rdquo; featuring a well-preserved version of the Sumerian King List.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022\/dl\/tn_photo\/P384786.jpg\u0022 \/\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Weld-Blundell prism\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReginald Campbell Thompson\u0026rsquo;s brief tenure as Shillito Reader (1937-1941) coincided with the evacuation of the Ashmolean Museum collections during the Second World War. Professor Oliver Gurney (Shillito Reader 1945-1978) devoted much attention to the Ashmolean\u0026#39;s tablet collection. He joined broken tablet fragments from Kish, and prepared a card index of the whole collection to encourage specialist scholars to research and publish the inscribed material in the Ashmolean Museum. He contributed many copies and identifications of lexical texts to a fundamental publication,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EMaterials for the Sumerian Lexicon\u003C\/em\u003E. A volume on Sumerian Literary texts by Oliver Gurney and Samuel Kramer was published as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;5 in 1976, followed by Dr Gilbert McEwan\u0026rsquo;s publication of Hellenistic texts in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;9 (1982) and Late Babylonian texts in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;10 (1984). Professor Gurney published the literary texts with the addition of some non-literary ones in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;11 (1989). Dr. Francis Joann\u0026egrave;s copied the neo-Babylonian texts in the Bodleian Library collection, published as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;12 (1990).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDr Stephanie Dalley taught Akkadian and Sumerian at the University of Oxford from 1979-2007, receiving the title Shillito Senior Research Fellow in 1988. Dr Dalley and Professor Norman Yoffee prepared a volume of Old Babylonian texts, primarily from Kish, also identifying an important group of texts from the Diyala region in the Museum\u0026rsquo;s collection, published as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;13 (1991). Dr Dalley presented further Old Babylonian texts from Larsa, Sippir, Kish and Lagaba in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;15, with some copies contributed by Eleanor Robson and Tina Breckwoldt (2005).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;is the main publication series for the inscribed material in the Ashmolean Museum, Eleanor Robson\u0026rsquo;s published study of Mesopotamian mathematics, 2100-1600 BC (\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;14, 1999), mostly drew on sources from other collections, but included some copies of Ashmolean tablets eventually published in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EOECT\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;15.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESome studies of the Ashmolean collections have been published elsewhere. An important piece of work was Prof. Ignace Gelb\u0026rsquo;s Sargonic Texts in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (Chicago, 1970). For well over twenty years, Dr. Jean-Pierre Gr\u0026eacute;goire worked on the Sumerian administrative texts in the collection, resulting in the publication of\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EAAICAB\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;1\/1-4 (2000-2002). This followed his previous republication of the tablets from Jemdet Nasr in the Museum with Robert K. Englund (\u003Cem\u003EMSVO\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;1; Berlin, 1991).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe publication of the collections is now largely complete, although it is hoped that a continuing appraisal of the collections and the digitization of the archive will identify previously unpublished texts, and stimulate new readings and interpretations. The collections continue to be an important resource for specialist researchers, and are frequently used for teaching purposes by staff of the Oriental Institute, University of Oxford. Over the years, the curatorial staff and conservation laboratories of the Department of Antiquities, and the Photographic Studio of the Museum, as well as the staff of the Ashmolean Library and the Griffith Institute have contributed their specialist assistance in various ways. The digital age has now ushered in opportunities for wider dissemination of the Ashmolean collections. With the assistance of Dr. Jacob Dahl and Nathanael Shelley (on behalf of CDLI), digitisation of the Ashmolean tablet collections has been initiated and is a continuing process.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EText based on Roger Moorey\u0026rsquo;s preface in\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EAAICAB\u003C\/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;1 (2000), with additions by Jack Green and Stephanie Dalley.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","is_pinned":true,"country_iso":"GBR","region_gadm":"GBR.1_1","district_gadm":"GBR.1.69_1","location_longitude_wgs1984":-1.26007,"location_latitude_wgs1984":51.7554,"license_attribution":"Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford","license_comment":"The digitized images of photographs and original tablets presented in the joint database of the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, Oxford, UK, and the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative, Los Angeles\/Berlin, are for the personal, non-profit use of students, scholars, and the public. All such images are subject to copyright laws and are the exclusive property of the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology. Commercial use or publication of these images is strictly prohibited without prior written permission from the Ashmolean Museum."}}],"artifact_type":{"id":4,"artifact_type":"tablet","parent_id":27},"period":{"id":15,"sequence":16,"period":"Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)","name":"Ur III","time_range":"ca. 2100-2000 BC"},"provenience":{"id":98,"provenience":"Zabalam (mod. Tall Ibza\u012bykh)","location_id":589,"place_id":147,"region_id":8,"description":"\u003Cp\u003EThe city Zabala, located within the province of Umma; and under the jurisdiction of the governor of Umma seems to have been of minor economic importance to the central administration. Zabala has been identified with Ibzaykh (see Steinkeller (2001) 54, + fn 124). See however the Google Earth images (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/ms?\u0026amp;ll=31.74565,45.875773\u0026amp;spn=0.01905,0.024548\u0026amp;z=15\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E31\u0026deg; 44\u0026#39; 41.03\u0026quot; N, 45\u0026deg; 52\u0026#39; 32.71\u0026quot; E\u003C\/a\u003E), which suggest that the site was excavated recently. Note also the strong marks of illeagal excavations. The writing of Zabala in the Ur III period has not been clarified in the literature. A brief survey of the available reliable visual resources suggests that zabala3\u0026nbsp;(MUSH3.UNUG) was the correct Ur III writing of the city-name. Zabala was perhaps not an important economic center, but it was an important cultic center; in particular in the years following Shu-Suens first year, during which the \u0026ldquo;queen-dowager\u0026rdquo;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/cdli.ox.ac.uk\/wiki\/doku.php?id=sites:abi-simti\u0022\u003EAbi-simti\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;visited the city four times in five years. Zabala was the city of the goddess \u0026ldquo;Inanna of Zabala\u0026rdquo; (possibly identical with the \u0026ldquo;Lady of Zabala\u0026rdquo;, although she is often mentioned as the Apisalite Lady of Zabala), and the oldest Ur III sources from Zabala mention a temple of Inanna at Zabala; it is likely that the archives of Zabala were kept in Umma. Prior to the coronation of Shu-Suen, references to Zabala primarily recorded minor deliveries for the cult of Inanna of Zabala.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first explicit reference to the \u0026ldquo;queen-dowager\u0026rdquo; Abi-simti\u0026rsquo;s yearly visits to Zabala comes from the account concerning\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/cdli.ox.ac.uk\/wiki\/doku.php?id=sites:lu-kirizal\u0022\u003ELu-kirizal\u003C\/a\u003E, the pig-herder (\u003Ca href=\u0022\/P130196\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EP130196\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;SNAT 436] [from SS 1]). The vast majority of texts mentioning Zabala from the following five years were concerned with the annual visits by the \u0026ldquo;queen-dowager.\u0026rdquo; Although no royal visitor was mentioned in Shu-Suen\u0026rsquo;s second year, it is still possible to suggest that Abi-simti paid a visit to Zabala that year as well. The fragmentary text\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cdli.ucla.edu\/P119869\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EMVN 18, 508\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;(from SS 1?), even alludes to a house of the queen(-dowager) in Zabala. The deliveries for the cult of Inanna of Zabala as well as the provisions for the \u0026ldquo;queen-dowager\u0026rsquo;s\u0026rdquo; visits were mostly sealed by the governor of Umma or members of his administration; one of these, Ur-Shulpa\u0026rsquo;e was perhaps a royal representative at the governor\u0026rsquo;s court.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt seems reasonable to suggest two different, but perhaps overlapping, reasons for the \u0026ldquo;queen-dowager\u0026rsquo;s\u0026rdquo; yearly visits to Zabala. A) Abi-simti personified the Urukite Geshtinanna journeying to Zabala each year: or her visits were in any other way connected to the cult of Inanna and her status within the royal family. B) Zabala was the \u0026ldquo;private\u0026rdquo; estate of Abi-simti in the same way as Garshana was the \u0026ldquo;private\u0026rdquo; estate of\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/cdli.ox.ac.uk\/wiki\/doku.php?id=sites:simat-ishtaran\u0022\u003ESimat-Ishtaran\u003C\/a\u003E, also a member of the royal family. As is obviously A and B are not mutually exclusive, but may rather compliment each other. Further studies into the cultic responsibilities, and the \u0026ldquo;private\u0026rdquo; possessions, of the members of the royal family of Ur are needed to clarify these issues.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n"},"witnesses":[],"impressions":[],"composites":[],"seals":[],"retired_artifacts":[],"inscription":{"id":2347334,"artifact_id":249206,"atf":"\u0026P249206 = AAICAB 1\/3, pl. 249, Bod S 307 \n#atf: lang sux \n@tablet \n@obverse \n1. 1(esze3) GAN2 sze-ba u3 x 3(asz) gur \n2. al-la aga3-us2 lugal \n3. 5(iku) 1\/2(iku) GAN2 4(asz) 2(barig) 3(ban2)# gur esz2-zi \n4. 1\/2(iku) GAN2 2(barig) 3(ban2) ur-{d#}igi-husz-mah \n5. 1\/2(iku) GAN2 3(ban2) [x]-gi-mu \n6. 1\/4(iku) GAN2 5(ban2) ziz2 [sze] sar szu-{d}er3-ra \n7. 1(iku) 1\/2(iku) GAN2 1(barig) tab-be-li2 \n8. 1\/4(iku) GAN2 1(ban2) 5(disz) sila3 ur-{d}igi-husz \n9. 2(ban2) 5(disz) sila3 sze sar a-gu \n10. 1(ban2) 2(disz) sila3 sze sar na-na-ti \n11. 1\/4(iku) GAN2 3(barig) 2(ban2) \n12. giri3-ni-i3-sa6 uru4-la2-am3 \n13. 2(esze3) GAN2 sze-bi# \n14. 1(u) 2(asz) [n] gur al-[x]-ni-ka \n15. 3(iku) GAN2#? [n] 5(asz) gur \n16. giri3#-ni#-i3#-sa6 \n17. [n] GAN2# 2(asz) gur \n@reverse \n1. [...]-ga2-ta [...]-an \n2. [n] 4(u) sar x numun x 3(gesz2)? 2(u) 2(disz)-ta igi-sag 1\/3(disz) sila3-ta \n3. 5(ban2) sze sar [x]-MUSZ3-me \n4. [n?] 2(barig) 3(disz) sar LAGAB#-BI? \n5. ur-{d}a-szar2 \n6. 1(barig)# 3(u) sar LAGAB-BI \n7. na-na-ti \n8. 5(u)# sar LAGAB-BI \n9. al-la aga3-us2 \n10. 2(disz) sar szu-{d}er3-ra \n11. 2(disz) sar x-x-x \n12. 3(disz) sar lagab 3(disz)-ta igi-sag 1\/2(disz) sila3-ta \n13. er3-re-eb \n14. 3(disz) sar x a-gu \n$ blank space \n15. a-sza3 gid2-da buru14 sza3 zabala3{ki} \n16. giri3 lu2-{d}nam2-an-dul3 u3 szesz-kal-la \n17. mu us2-sa {d}szu-{d}suen lugal-e bad3 mar-tu mu-du3 \n\n\n","is_atf2conll_diff_resolved":true,"is_latest":true}}]